Genetic Basis of Disease: Module 6 Lecture
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Questions and Answers

What is karyotyping defined as?

  • The study of chromosomes (correct)
  • The study of genes
  • The study of genetic disorders
  • The study of DNA

What is the conventional notation for a male karyotype?

  • 46,XX
  • 46,XY (correct)
  • 46,Y
  • 46,X

What is the purpose of FISH (Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization)?

  • To identify subtle microdeletions and complex translocations (correct)
  • To analyze the sequence of DNA
  • To study the structure of genes
  • To analyze the number of chromosomes

What is the most common cause of mental retardation?

<p>Trisomy-21 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromosomal abnormality associated with Klinefelter syndrome?

<p>XXY (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with Trisomy-21?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the skin in Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes?

<p>Hyperelastic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of the LDL receptor defect in Familial Hypercholesterolemia?

<p>Cholesterol buildup in the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common category of enzyme deficiencies?

<p>Lysosomal storage diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of substrate buildup in enzyme deficiencies?

<p>Product lack and potential harm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different types of Glycogen Storage Diseases are known?

<p>13 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lysosomal storage diseases is characterized by the accumulation of glucocerebroside?

<p>Gaucher (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that is deficient in Niemann-Pick disease?

<p>Sphingomyelinase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Alcaptonuria?

<p>Black urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the inheritance pattern of traits such as height and intelligence?

<p>Multifactorial (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lysosomal storage diseases is characterized by the accumulation of gangliosides?

<p>Tay-Sachs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate chance of first-degree relatives having a multifactorial disorder?

<p>5% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation involves a visible change in the chromosome?

<p>Chromosome mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a deletion or insertion mutation that is not a multiple of three?

<p>Frameshift mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of inheritance pattern is characterized by reduced penetrance and variable expressivity?

<p>Autosomal dominant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a disease that follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern?

<p>Huntington's Disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of autosomal recessive diseases?

<p>They often have complete penetrance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a disease that follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern?

<p>Cystic Fibrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of substrate accumulation in single gene disorders?

<p>Enzyme defect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defect in Marfan Syndrome?

<p>Fibrillin-1 defect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a sex-linked disorder?

<p>Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a G6PD enzyme defect?

<p>Increases drug susceptibility to Primaquine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of heterozygous females in sex-linked disorders?

<p>They are carriers with no phenotypic expression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a receptor/transport protein defect in Familial Hypercholesterolemia?

<p>Increased cholesterol levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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