Genes and Environment Interactions: The Canalization Principle
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Questions and Answers

What is a key difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins regarding intelligence scores?

  • Only dizygotic twins show improvement in intelligence over time.
  • Their intelligence scores become more similar as they grow older.
  • Dizygotic twins have more similar intelligence scores than monozygotic twins at all ages.
  • Monozygotic twins have more similar intelligence scores than dizygotic twins at all ages. (correct)

    • What can be inferred about the heritability of intelligence based on the study of monozygotic twins?

  • It increases over time, showing that genes have a stronger influence on intelligence with age. (correct)
  • It decreases over time as twins grow older.
  • It remains constant from 3 to 15 years old.
  • It is not affected by genetic factors.

    • What does the information provided suggest about the heritability of personality traits like extroversion and introversion?

  • Extroversion and introversion are solely determined by individual experiences.
  • Personality traits like extroversion and introversion are not heritable.
  • Many personality traits, including extroversion and introversion, have a moderate genetic influence. (correct)
  • These traits are entirely influenced by environmental factors.

    • Based on the text, what can be concluded about the influence of shared environment on behavior?

    <p>Nonshared environmental influences are more important than shared environmental influences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of twins are used to study the influence of genetic factors on behavior in family studies?

    <p>Monozygotic twins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do family studies aim to determine about behavior?

    <p>The contribution of genetic factors to behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In twin studies, what can differences between monozygotic and dizygotic twins help researchers understand?

    <p>The role of genetic factors in shaping behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conclusion can be drawn from the information provided about mental illnesses and behavioral disorders?

    <p>&quot;People do not inherit behavioral disorders, instead they inherit predispositions to develop certain illnesses or patterns of behavior.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "The influence of genes on IQ appears to be greater with age," based on this statement, what can be said about genetic influence as individuals grow older?

    <p>&quot;Genetic influence on IQ strengthens with age.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the continuity perspective in human development, which statement best describes the view on changes in characteristics?

    <p>Changes happen gradually without sudden shifts in functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best characterizes the discontinuity perspective in human development?

    <p>Development entails abrupt changes leading to advanced functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of human development theories, what is a key feature of discontinuity according to the text?

    <p>Qualitative transformations across successive stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best exemplifies a quantitative change in human development according to the continuity perspective?

    <p>Gradual increase in the level of a characteristic over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the discontinuity perspective from the continuity perspective in terms of human development?

    <p>Quality of changes across various stages of development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory is mentioned as an example of the discontinuity perspective in human development?

    <p>Freud's psychosexual stages of development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of developmental stages in the discontinuity perspective?

    <p>Specific set of abilities unique to each stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do discontinuity theorists view the progression through developmental stages?

    <p>As involving distinct sets of abilities at different qualities</p> Signup and view all the answers

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