Psychology: Genetic Predisposition of Sexual Orientation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why new views formed in university life are sustained in later life?

  • They are internalized and reinforced by similar reference groups (correct)
  • They are instilled by family members
  • They are a result of personal experiences
  • They are influenced by societal norms

    • What is the term for the implicit or explicit rules for acceptable behavior and beliefs in an institution or organization?

  • Organizational standards
  • Group interactions
  • Institutional norms (correct)
  • Social norms

    • What is the effect of group discussion on individual decisions?

  • Decisions become more conservative
  • Decisions are randomly distributed
  • Decisions become more extreme (correct)
  • Decisions remain unchanged

    • What type of social influence has a greater effect in group discussions?

    <p>Informational social influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to private attitudes in response to group discussion?

    <p>They shift in response to group discussion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which people compare their views with group norms and adjust them to conform to the majority?

    <p>Normative social influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary assumption behind the theory of sexual motivation proposing a genetic predisposition towards heterosexuality or homosexuality?

    <p>Pairs of identical twins are more likely to have the same sexual orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two essential characteristics of scientific research methods?

    <p>Unbiased and reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of the experimental method in scientific research?

    <p>It provides a strong test of hypotheses about cause and effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the control group in an experiment?

    <p>To provide a baseline for comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental research?

    <p>To ensure that each participant has an equal probability of being placed in any group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a variable in an experiment?

    <p>The amount of sleep a person gets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the owner touches the leash in the example with the dog?

    <p>The dog gets excited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical factor behind classical conditioning?

    <p>The predictive relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the participant is allowed to rest and then presented only CS again, resulting in the CR reappearing?

    <p>Spontaneous recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a conditioned stimulus in classical conditioning?

    <p>To signal the unconditioned stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability to react to differences in a stimulus if there is a negative association with certain aspects of it?

    <p>Stimulus discrimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is learned taste aversion an example of?

    <p>Classical conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of repeated pairings of CS and US during the acquisition phase?

    <p>To form a conditioned response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of habituation and sensitization?

    <p>Results in a relatively permanent change in behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of omitting the US during the extinction phase?

    <p>The CR gradually diminishes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the response produced by the conditioned stimulus?

    <p>Conditioned response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a novel stimulus is paired with a CS to produce a CR, even though the novel stimulus was never paired with the US?

    <p>Second-order conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the concept of biological constraints, what is a limitation on classical conditioning?

    <p>The animal's pre-existing abilities and tendencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinction between 'front-end' and 'back-end' differences in emotions?

    <p>appraisal processes vs. responses to emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of gender differences in reported emotions?

    <p>Stereotypes and social expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cultural values shape emotional experiences in collectivist cultures?

    <p>Focusing on relationships and emotional regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of emotions in individualist cultures?

    <p>Emotions define individual uniqueness and self-identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when men and women are asked how they feel in the moment?

    <p>Gender differences in reported emotions vanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

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