General Study Notes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension?

  • 60-year-old Asian-American shop owner
  • 55-year-old Hispanic teacher
  • 40-year-old Caucasian nurse
  • 45-year-old African-American attorney (correct)
  • A 15-year-old female who ingested 15 tablets of maximum strength acetaminophen 45 minutes ago is rushed to the emergency department. Which of these orders should the nurse do first?

  • Gastric lavage (correct)
  • Administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) orally
  • Have the patient drink activated charcoal mixed with water
  • Start an IV Dextrose 5% with 0.33% normal saline to keep the vein open
  • Which complication of cardiac catheterization should the nurse monitor for in the initial 24 hours after the procedure?

  • Dizziness
  • Thrombus formation (correct)
  • Falling blood pressure
  • Angina at rest
  • A client is admitted to the emergency room with renal calculi and is complaining of moderate to severe flank pain and nausea. The client's temperature is 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The priority nursing goal for this client is:

    <p>Manage pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would the nurse expect to see while assessing the growth of children during their school age years?

    <p>Yearly weight gain of about 5.5 pounds per year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At a community health fair, the blood pressure of a 62-year-old client is 160/96 mmHg. The client states "My blood pressure is usually much lower." The nurse should tell the client to:

    <p>Go get a blood pressure check within the next 15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hospital has sounded the call for a disaster drill on the evening shift. Which of these clients would the nurse put first on the list to be discharged in order to make a room available for a new admission?

    <p>A middle-aged client with a history of being ventilator dependent for over seven (7) years and admitted with bacterial pneumonia five days ago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 25-year-old male client has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and will take levothyroxine (Synthroid) 50 mcg/day by mouth. As part of the teaching plan, the nurse emphasizes that this medication:

    <p>Should be taken in the morning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 3-year-old child was brought to the pediatric clinic after the sudden onset of findings that include irritability, thick muffled voice, croaking on inspiration, hot to touch, sit leaning forward, tongue protruding, drooling and suprasternal retractions. What should the nurse do first?

    <p>Notify the healthcare provider of the child's status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In children suspected to have a diagnosis of diabetes, which one of the following complaints would be most likely to prompt parents to take their school-age child for evaluation?

    <p>Bedwetting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client comes to the clinic for treatment of recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease. The nurse recognizes that this condition most frequently follows which type of infection?

    <p>Chlamydia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A registered nurse who usually works in a spinal rehabilitation unit is floated to the emergency department. Which of these clients should the charge nurse assign to this RN?

    <p>An adolescent who has been on pain medications terminal cancer with an initial assessment finding pupils and a relaxed respiratory rate of 11,</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When teaching a client with coronary artery disease about nutrition, the nurse should emphasize:

    <p>Avoiding very heavy meals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these findings indicate that a pump to deliver a basal rate of 10 ml per hour plus PRN for pain breakthrough for morphine drip is not working?

    <p>The level of drug is 100 ml at 8 AM and is 80 ml at noon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse is speaking at a community meeting about personal responsibility for health promotion. A participant asks about chiropractic treatment for illnesses. What should be the focus of the nurse's response?

    <p>Spinal column manipulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client post right cerebrovascular accident. Which finding, if observed by the nurse, would warrant immediate attention?

    <p>Decrease in level of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A child who has recently been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is in a pediatric clinic where a nurse is performing an assessment. Which later finding of this disease would the nurse not expect to see at this time?

    <p>Moist, productive cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The home health nurse visits a male client to provide wound care and finds the client lethargic and confused. His wife states he fell down the stairs two (2) hours ago. The nurse should

    <p>Send him to the emergency room for evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should the nurse implement to prepare a client for a KUB (Kidney, Ureter, Bladder) radiography test?

    <p>No special orders are necessary for this examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse is giving discharge teaching to a client seven (7) days post myocardial infarction. He asks the nurse why he must wait six (6) weeks before having sexual intercourse. What is the best response by the nurse to this question?

    <p>&quot;When you can climb 2 flights of stairs without problems, it is generally safe.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A triage nurse has these four (4) clients arrive in the emergency department within 15 minutes. Which client should the triage nurse send back to be seen first?

    <p>A teenager who got a singed beard while camping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    While planning care for a toddler, the nurse teaches the parents about the expected developmental changes for this age. Which statement by the mother shows that she understands the child's developmental needs?

    <p>&quot;I understand the need to use those new skills.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a client via a nasogastric feeding tube. The most important action of the nurse is:

    <p>Verify correct placement of the tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L. The client is placed on a cardiac monitor and receives 40 mEq potassium chloride in 1000 ml of 5% dextrose in water IV. Which of the following EKG patterns indicates to the nurse that the infusions should be discontinued?

    <p>Tall peaked &quot;T&quot; waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse prepares to care for a 4-year-old newly admitted for rhabdomyosarcoma. The nurse should alert the staff to pay more attention to the function of which area of the body?

    <p>All striated muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse anticipates that for a family who practices Chinese medicine the priority goal would be to:

    <p>Restore yin and yang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During an assessment of a client with cardiomyopathy, the nurse finds that the systolic blood pressure has decreased from 145 to 110 mm Hg and the heart rate has risen from 72 to 96 beats per minute and the client complains of periodic dizzy spells. The nurse instructs the client to:

    <p>Force fluids and reassess blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse prepares the client for insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz catheter). The nurse teaches the client that the catheter will be inserted to provide information about:

    <p>Left ventricular functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse enters a client's room to discover that the client has no pulse or respirations. After calling for help, the first action the nurse should take is:

    <p>Initiate high-quality chest compressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg daily. The health care provider has written a new order to give metoprolol (Lopressor) 25 mg B.I.D. In assessing the client prior to administering the medications, which of the following should the nurse report immediately to the health care provider?

    <p>Blood pressure 94/60 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    While assessing a one-month-old infant, which of the findings warrants further investigation by the nurse? Select all that apply.

    <p>Cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse practicing in a maternity setting recognizes that the postmature fetus is at risk due to:

    <p>Progressive placental insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse is caring for a client who had a total hip replacement seven (7) days ago. Which statement by the client requires the nurse's immediate attention?

    <p>&quot;I just can't 'catch my breath' over the past few minutes and I think I am in grave danger.”</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 33-year-old male client with heart failure has been taking furosemide for the past week. Which of the following assessment cues below may indicate the client is experiencing a negative side effect from the medication?

    <p>Decreased appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gravida ______ para ______

    <p>3 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nurse is caring for a 27-year-old female client with venous stasis ulcer. Which nursing intervention would be most effective in promoting healing?

    <p>Improve the client's nutrition status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones representa el grupo con mayor riesgo de desarrollar hipertensión?

    <p>Abogado afroamericano de 45 años</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La sobrecarga de acetaminofén se considera extremadamente tóxica para el hígado.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el primer paso en el tratamiento para una sobredosis de acetaminofén?

    <p>Lavado gástrico</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La hipertensión es más prevalente en las personas de origen ______.

    <p>afroamericano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona el grupo de edad y raza con su riesgo de hipertensión:

    <p>45 años, afroamericano = Riesgo alto 60 años, asiático = Riesgo moderado 40 años, caucásico = Riesgo bajo 55 años, hispano = Riesgo variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ante una sobredosis de acetaminofén, ¿cuál de las siguientes acciones debería realizar primero la enfermera?

    <p>Realizar un lavado gástrico</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El nivel de hipertensión en la población asiático-americana es significativamente más alto que en la población general.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Por qué es importante administrar el lavado gástrico en una sobredosis de acetaminofén?

    <p>Para remover el fármaco antes de que cause daño hepático.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la prioridad en el manejo de un cliente con enfermedad arterial coronaria con respecto a la nutrición?

    <p>Evitar comidas muy pesadas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Un cliente que reporta haber tomado una gran cantidad de crack tendrá menos complicaciones que uno que muestra síntomas de toxicidad por opioides.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el síntoma de toxicidad por opioides que podría estar presente en un cliente?

    <p>pupilas en punto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La dosis mínima de un goteo de morfina a 10 ml por hora sería $10(4) = ______ ml en cuatro horas.

    <p>40</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Empareja las siguientes condiciones con sus síntomas:

    <p>Toxicidad por opioides = Pupilas en punto Síndrome de abstinencia = Agitación e insomnio Enfermedad arterial coronaria = Dolor en el pecho Trauma craneal = Confusión y pérdida de conciencia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Al identificar si un goteo de morfina está funcionando, ¿cuál de las siguientes evidencias sugiere que no está funcionando?

    <p>El nivel del fármaco es 100 ml a las 8 AM y 80 ml al mediodía</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Limitando el sodio a menos de 1.5 gramos por día es una recomendación para el manejo de la enfermedad arterial coronaria.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué efectos podría tener comer comidas pesadas en un cliente con enfermedad arterial coronaria?

    <p>Puede desviar sangre del corazón y aumentar el riesgo de complicaciones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones sobre la fiebre escarlatina es incorrecta?

    <p>Las petequias ocurren en el paladar blando.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de las siguientes declaraciones es correcta respecto a la preparación para una radiografía KUB?

    <p>No se requieren órdenes especiales para este examen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El 'lengua de fresa' es una señal característica de la fiebre escarlatina.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Es necesario mantener al paciente NPO antes de realizar una radiografía KUB.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuánto tiempo debe esperar un paciente después de un infarto de miocardio antes de tener relaciones sexuales?

    <p>Seis semanas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué bacterias causan la fiebre escarlatina?

    <p>Estreptococo del grupo A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El exudado en las amígdalas suele ser __________ en la fiebre escarlatina.

    <p>edematoso</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El síntoma de un infarto de miocardio puede incluir ______ y ______.

    <p>dolor en el pecho, dificultad para respirar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la respuesta más adecuada del enfermero a un paciente que pregunta por qué debe esperar seis semanas antes de tener relaciones sexuales después de un infarto de miocardio?

    <p>Cuando puedas subir dos pisos de escaleras sin problemas, es generalmente seguro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Empareja las características con la descripción correcta:

    <p>Lengua de fresa = Apariencia roja y bultosa Petequias en el paladar = Asociadas a rubéola Erupción = Causada por toxina del estreptococo Faringitis = Faringe roja e inflamada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es un síntoma de la fiebre escarlatina?

    <p>Erupción cutánea roja</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Los enemas son recomendados para cualquier tipo de examen radiográfico.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La fiebre escarlatina puede presentar síntomas como malestar, fiebre y anorexia.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona las intervenciones de enfermería con la situación correspondiente:

    <p>Mantener al paciente NPO = No se requiere para KUB Administrar enema = No recomendado para radiografías Esperar seis semanas para relaciones sexuales = Consejo tras un infarto de miocardio Verificar capacidad para subir escaleras = Indicador de seguridad tras el infarto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Menciona un signo que puede observarse en la fiebre escarlatina.

    <p>Erupción eritematosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Es necesario llevar al paciente a __________ si los síntomas indican una situación de emergencia.

    <p>urgencias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la acción más importante que debe realizar la enfermera al administrar una alimentación enteral a través de una sonda nasogástrica?

    <p>Verificar la correcta colocación de la sonda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Los picos altos en la onda 'T' en un electrocardiograma indican hipopotasemia.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es el nivel normal de potasio en suero?

    <p>3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La correcta colocación de la sonda nasogástrica puede ser verificada mediante la __________.

    <p>visualización por rayos X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asocie los siguientes niveles de potasio con el diagnóstico correspondiente:

    <p>3.5 mEq/L = Normal 2.5 mEq/L = Hipopotasemia 6.5 mEq/L = Hiperpotasemia 4.0 mEq/L = Normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de los siguientes patrones de EKG indica que la infusión de potasio debe ser interrumpida?

    <p>Onda 'T' alta y picuda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aspirar el contenido gástrico es la acción más importante que debe realizar la enfermera antes de administrar la alimentación enteral.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La enfermera debe notificar al proveedor de atención médica sobre la necesidad de interrumpir la infusión de potasio cuando aparezcan ondas 'T' __________.

    <p>altas y picudas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la descripción más precisa sobre la dosis de diphenhydramine prescrita al niño de 30 kg?

    <p>La dosis es demasiado baja</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Los testículos normalmente deben descender al momento del nacimiento.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la dosis correcta de diphenhydramine que debe recibir el niño al día?

    <p>150 mg/día</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La dosis pediátrica de diphenhydramine es de _____ mg/kg/día.

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Si un niño tiene un testículo no descendido, ¿cuál es la afirmación más precisa?

    <p>Probablemente requerirá intervención quirúrgica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asocia el medicamento con su uso principal:

    <p>Diphenhydramine = Alivio de alergias y picazón Furosemide = Diurético para la insuficiencia cardíaca Metoprolol = Beta bloqueador para hipertensión Lorazepam = Ansiolítico</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Es aceptable ajustar la dosis de diphenhydramine según los síntomas sin consultar a un médico.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué debe hacer la madre si solo siente un testículo en el saco escrotal de su hijo?

    <p>Consultar al pediatra</p> Signup and view all the answers

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