General Study Notes Quiz

Biochemistry is the branch of chemistry in which we study the structure, composition, and chemical reactions of substances found in living organisms.

<p>Biochemistry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nuclear Chemistry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organic Chemistry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A piece of matter in pure form is termed as a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impure matter is called a mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bromine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valency is the combining capacity of an element with other elements. It depends upon the number of electrons in the outermost shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A compound is a substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined together in a fixed ratio by mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the Above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The molecular formula of a compound may be the same or a multiple of the empirical formula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NH3+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CO2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rutherford's experiment provided the first evidence for the existence of a nucleus, demonstrating that it is positively charged and contains most of the atom's mass. He also suggested the model of an atom with negatively charged electrons revolving around this dense, positively charged nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>While Rutherford's model proposed a nucleus surrounded by electrons, Bohr's model further suggested that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or orbits, explaining the emission of specific wavelengths of light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron shells are energy levels surrounding the nucleus where electrons revolve. The number of electrons a shell can hold is determined by the shell's energy level, with the K shell being the closest to the nucleus and having the lowest energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>N (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>19</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2, 8, 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotopes have a wide range of applications, including medical diagnosis, radiotherapy, and the treatment of various diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gases have a definite shape. (B), Gases have a definite volume. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boyle's Law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It will decrease to one-third its original volume. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vapor pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The factors that affect the solubility of a solute in a solvent include the nature of the solute and solvent (like dissolves like), temperature, and solute-solvent interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures where the solute particles are large enough to be seen with the naked eye. They will settle out over time. Colloids are also heterogeneous mixtures, but the particles are smaller, they are not visible to the naked eye, and they will not settle out over time. Colloids also exhibit the Tyndall effect, where the scattered light beam is visible inside the colloidal solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Milk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A saturated solution is one that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given solvent at a specific temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The smallest unit of an element that can exist independently.

A substance made up of only one type of atom, having the same atomic number, and not decomposable by ordinary chemical means.

The positively charged center of an atom, containing protons and neutrons.

A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

A neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

The average mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

A unit used to measure the mass of atoms and molecules.

A model of the atom proposed by J.J. Thomson, suggesting a positively charged sphere with electrons embedded within it.

An experiment conducted by Rutherford to investigate the structure of the atom by bombarding a thin gold foil with alpha particles.

A model of the atom proposed by Rutherford, suggesting a positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons.

A model of the atom proposed by Niels Bohr, suggesting that electrons can only exist in specific energy levels, or orbits, around the nucleus.

The fixed energy levels that electrons can occupy in an atom, according to Bohr's model.

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, which participate in chemical bonding.

Atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

The arrangement of electrons in various energy levels and subshells within an atom.

The main energy levels in an atom, designated by numbers 1, 2, 3, and so on.

Subdivisions within a shell, which are further characterized by their shape and orientation in space.

The process of filling the electronic shells and subshells of an atom with electrons according to specific rules.

A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

A molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge on the molecule.

An atom or molecule that has an odd number of electrons, making it highly reactive.

A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio.

A substance composed of particles of two or more elements or compounds mixed together in any ratio.

A mixture where the composition is uniform throughout.

A mixture where the composition is not uniform throughout.

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound.

The actual number of atoms of each element present in one molecule of a compound.

The sum of atomic masses of all the atoms present in one formula unit of a substance.

The process by which a substance changes its physical state from a solid to a liquid.

The process by which a substance changes its physical state from a liquid to a gas.

The process by which a substance changes its physical state from a gas to a liquid.

The process by which a substance changes its physical state from a gas to a solid.