General Ecology Quiz: Habitat and Ecological Niche
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Questions and Answers

What do ecological equivalents refer to?

  • Species that undergo natural selection
  • Species that occupy the same geographical region
  • Unrelated organisms that occupy similar niches but live in different geographical regions (correct)
  • Species that undergo artificial selection

    • What is the definition of a species?

  • A group of individual organisms that never interbreed
  • A group of individual organisms that share similar characteristics
  • A group of individual organisms that interbreed and produce fertile, viable offspring (correct)
  • A group of individual organisms that live in the same geographical region

    • What is a characteristic of generalist species?

  • They undergo artificial selection
  • They can only live in one type of habitat
  • They are prone to becoming endangered
  • They can live in many different places and eat a variety of foods (correct)

    • What is a characteristic of specialist species?

    <p>They can only live in one type of habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do generalist species and specialist species have in common?

    <p>They both have a high level of DNA alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of specialist species having narrow niches?

    <p>They are prone to becoming endangered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of most mutations?

    <p>No effect on the organism's survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the actual physical location where organisms making up a species live?

    <p>Habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of Earth's biodiversity, according to the text?

    <p>Mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with the idea that an organism's niche is its 'profession'?

    <p>Eugene Odum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the full range of resources or habitat a species could exploit if there were no competition with other species?

    <p>Fundamental Niche</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause mutations to occur, according to the text?

    <p>Exposure to mutagens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the resources or habitat a species actually uses?

    <p>Realized Niche</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of mutations occurring in different lines of descent?

    <p>Divergent evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driver of microevolution, according to the text?

    <p>Mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and gene selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the description of an organism's ecological niche?

    <p>The food it eats, place in the food web, how it gets food, and range of temperatures needed for survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with the concept of niche as an n-dimensional hypervolume?

    <p>G.Evelyn Hutchinson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of evolution that occurs due to chance events?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which some individuals in a population have genetically based traits that enable them to better survive and reproduce?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a natural disaster that sharply reduces the size of a population?

    <p>Bottleneck effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a heritable trait that enables organisms to better survive and reproduce in a given environment?

    <p>Adaptive trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the necessary condition for evolution by natural selection to occur, where a trait must be able to be passed from one generation to the next?

    <p>Heritable trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the factor in a population's environment that causes natural selection to occur?

    <p>Selective pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of adaptation?

    <p>To survive and reproduce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between adaptation and acclimatization?

    <p>Adaptation involves a change in the gene pool, acclimatization does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a physiological adaptation?

    <p>Antibiotic-resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability of an organism to adjust to environmental circumstances?

    <p>Behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a behavioral adaptation?

    <p>Play dead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which new species arise from existing ones?

    <p>Speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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