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Questions and Answers
Which of the following are cardinal features of general anesthesia?
Which of the following are cardinal features of general anesthesia?
- Hyperconsciousness
- Increased reflexes
- Loss of all sensation, specially pain (correct)
- Enhanced muscle tension
What are the properties of an ideal anesthetic for the patient?
What are the properties of an ideal anesthetic for the patient?
- Induction and recovery slow and rough
- Causes nausea and vomiting
- Unpleasant to inhale, irritating
- Pleasant to inhale, non-irritating (correct)
Which class of general anesthetics includes N2O, Ether, and Halothane?
Which class of general anesthetics includes N2O, Ether, and Halothane?
- Slower acting agents
- Intravenous
- Inhalational Gas (correct)
- Inducing
What is the main mechanism of action of intravenous general anesthetics like Thiopentone and Benzodiazepines?
What is the main mechanism of action of intravenous general anesthetics like Thiopentone and Benzodiazepines?
Which of the following is a property of an ideal anesthetic for the surgeon?
Which of the following is a property of an ideal anesthetic for the surgeon?
What are the stages of general anesthesia?
What are the stages of general anesthesia?
Which of the following general anesthetics is known for its good analgesic property?
Which of the following general anesthetics is known for its good analgesic property?
What is the main property of an ideal anesthetic for the anesthetist?
What is the main property of an ideal anesthetic for the anesthetist?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Dissociative Anesthetics?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Dissociative Anesthetics?
Which class of general anesthetics includes Methohexitone and Propofol?
Which class of general anesthetics includes Methohexitone and Propofol?
What is the main classification of general anesthetics based on their form?
What is the main classification of general anesthetics based on their form?
Which of the following general anesthetics is known for its rapid induction and recovery?
Which of the following general anesthetics is known for its rapid induction and recovery?
Which inhalational anesthetic is largely obsolete?
Which inhalational anesthetic is largely obsolete?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
Which intravenous anesthetic has antiemetic properties?
Which intravenous anesthetic has antiemetic properties?
Which inhalational agent is known for causing renal tubular dysfunction (nephrotoxicity)?
Which inhalational agent is known for causing renal tubular dysfunction (nephrotoxicity)?
Which inhalational agent is similar to isoflurane but lacks epileptogenic property?
Which inhalational agent is similar to isoflurane but lacks epileptogenic property?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for block activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for block activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors?
Which inhalational agent is used mainly for minor procedures in children?
Which inhalational agent is used mainly for minor procedures in children?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for unconsciousness without analgesia and inadequate skeletal muscle relaxation?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for unconsciousness without analgesia and inadequate skeletal muscle relaxation?
What are the main adverse effects of Halothane?
What are the main adverse effects of Halothane?
What is the use of nitrous oxide in anesthesia?
What is the use of nitrous oxide in anesthesia?
What are the main features of barbiturates as intravenous anesthetics?
What are the main features of barbiturates as intravenous anesthetics?
What are all the drugs given during anesthesia along with anesthetic agent?
What are all the drugs given during anesthesia along with anesthetic agent?
Which inhalational anesthetic is known for causing renal tubular dysfunction (nephrotoxicity)?
Which inhalational anesthetic is known for causing renal tubular dysfunction (nephrotoxicity)?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for unconsciousness without analgesia and inadequate skeletal muscle relaxation?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for unconsciousness without analgesia and inadequate skeletal muscle relaxation?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
Which inhalational agent is used mainly for minor procedures in children?
Which inhalational agent is used mainly for minor procedures in children?
What are the main adverse effects of Halothane?
What are the main adverse effects of Halothane?
What are the properties of an ideal anesthetic for the patient?
What are the properties of an ideal anesthetic for the patient?
Which class of general anesthetics includes N2O, Ether, and Halothane?
Which class of general anesthetics includes N2O, Ether, and Halothane?
What is the main mechanism of action of intravenous general anesthetics like Thiopentone and Benzodiazepines?
What is the main mechanism of action of intravenous general anesthetics like Thiopentone and Benzodiazepines?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Dissociative Anesthetics?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Dissociative Anesthetics?
Which inhalational agent is similar to isoflurane but lacks epileptogenic property?
Which inhalational agent is similar to isoflurane but lacks epileptogenic property?
Which of the following general anesthetics is known for its rapid induction and recovery?
Which of the following general anesthetics is known for its rapid induction and recovery?
Which intravenous anesthetic has antiemetic properties?
Which intravenous anesthetic has antiemetic properties?
Which of the following inhalational agents is known for its rapid induction and recovery?
Which of the following inhalational agents is known for its rapid induction and recovery?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for its antiemetic properties?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for its antiemetic properties?
Which inhalational agent is largely obsolete?
Which inhalational agent is largely obsolete?
What are all Preanaesthetic medications, and what is the use related thereof?
What are all Preanaesthetic medications, and what is the use related thereof?
What are all the drugs given during anesthesia along with the anesthetic agent?
What are all the drugs given during anesthesia along with the anesthetic agent?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for unconsciousness without analgesia and inadequate skeletal muscle relaxation?
Which intravenous anesthetic is known for unconsciousness without analgesia and inadequate skeletal muscle relaxation?
Which inhalational agent is known for causing renal tubular dysfunction (nephrotoxicity)?
Which inhalational agent is known for causing renal tubular dysfunction (nephrotoxicity)?
What is the use of nitrous oxide in anesthesia?
What is the use of nitrous oxide in anesthesia?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Dissociative Anesthetics?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Dissociative Anesthetics?
What are the main features of barbiturates as intravenous anesthetics?
What are the main features of barbiturates as intravenous anesthetics?
Which of the following inhalational agents is similar to isoflurane but lacks epileptogenic property?
Which of the following inhalational agents is similar to isoflurane but lacks epileptogenic property?
Explain the mechanism of general anesthesia according to the lipid theory proposed by Meyer and Overton.
Explain the mechanism of general anesthesia according to the lipid theory proposed by Meyer and Overton.
What is the main drawback of using Ketamine as an anesthetic?
What is the main drawback of using Ketamine as an anesthetic?
Describe the induction and recovery properties of Halothane as an inhalational anesthetic.
Describe the induction and recovery properties of Halothane as an inhalational anesthetic.
Explain the mechanism of action of Nitrous Oxide as an inhalational anesthetic.
Explain the mechanism of action of Nitrous Oxide as an inhalational anesthetic.
What are the main features of Barbiturates as intravenous anesthetics?
What are the main features of Barbiturates as intravenous anesthetics?
Explain the use of Propofol in anesthesia.
Explain the use of Propofol in anesthesia.
What are the main characteristics of Dissociative Anesthetics like Ketamine?
What are the main characteristics of Dissociative Anesthetics like Ketamine?
Explain the features of Benzodiazepines as anesthetics.
Explain the features of Benzodiazepines as anesthetics.
Describe the main use of Nitrous Oxide in anesthesia.
Describe the main use of Nitrous Oxide in anesthesia.
What are the adverse effects of using Halothane as an inhalational anesthetic?
What are the adverse effects of using Halothane as an inhalational anesthetic?
Explain the main features of Methohexital as a Barbiturate intravenous anesthetic.
Explain the main features of Methohexital as a Barbiturate intravenous anesthetic.
What are the cardinal features of general anesthesia?
What are the cardinal features of general anesthesia?
What are the three properties of an ideal anesthetic for the patient?
What are the three properties of an ideal anesthetic for the patient?
What are the two classes of general anesthetics based on their form?
What are the two classes of general anesthetics based on their form?
What are the common examples of inhalational general anesthetics?
What are the common examples of inhalational general anesthetics?
What are the common examples of intravenous general anesthetics?
What are the common examples of intravenous general anesthetics?
What are the properties of an ideal anesthetic for the surgeon?
What are the properties of an ideal anesthetic for the surgeon?
What are the main stages of general anesthesia?
What are the main stages of general anesthesia?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
What is the main drawback of Ketamine as an anesthetic?
What is the main mechanism of action of intravenous general anesthetics like Thiopentone and Benzodiazepines?
What is the main mechanism of action of intravenous general anesthetics like Thiopentone and Benzodiazepines?
What is the use of nitrous oxide in anesthesia?
What is the use of nitrous oxide in anesthesia?
What is the main classification of general anesthetics based on their form?
What is the main classification of general anesthetics based on their form?
What are the cardinal features of general anesthesia?
What are the cardinal features of general anesthesia?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Baclofen as a spasmolytic drug?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Baclofen as a spasmolytic drug?
Which drug is known for interfering with polysynaptic reflexes that maintain skeletal muscle tone?
Which drug is known for interfering with polysynaptic reflexes that maintain skeletal muscle tone?
What is the main mechanism of action of Dantrolene as a spasmolytic drug?
What is the main mechanism of action of Dantrolene as a spasmolytic drug?
Which drug facilitates GABAergic transmission in the central nervous system and increases interneuron inhibition of primary motor afferents in the spinal cord?
Which drug facilitates GABAergic transmission in the central nervous system and increases interneuron inhibition of primary motor afferents in the spinal cord?
What is the main adverse effect of Baclofen as a spasmolytic drug?
What is the main adverse effect of Baclofen as a spasmolytic drug?
Which drug acts as an α2-Adrenoceptor agonist in the spinal cord and reinforces both presynaptic and postsynaptic inhibition of reflex motor output?
Which drug acts as an α2-Adrenoceptor agonist in the spinal cord and reinforces both presynaptic and postsynaptic inhibition of reflex motor output?
Which spasmolytic drug is known for its use in severe spasticity conditions such as cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and stroke?
Which spasmolytic drug is known for its use in severe spasticity conditions such as cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and stroke?
What is the main use of Dantrolene as a spasmolytic drug?
What is the main use of Dantrolene as a spasmolytic drug?
Which drug is known for its marked sedative and antimuscarinic actions and is used for acute spasm due to muscle injury and inflammation?
Which drug is known for its marked sedative and antimuscarinic actions and is used for acute spasm due to muscle injury and inflammation?
Which spasmolytic drug acts by causing membrane hyperpolarization via increased K+ conductance and reduces the release of excitatory transmitters in both the brain and spinal cord?
Which spasmolytic drug acts by causing membrane hyperpolarization via increased K+ conductance and reduces the release of excitatory transmitters in both the brain and spinal cord?
Which drug is known for its use in acute spasm due to muscle injury and inflammation and has the adverse effects of confusion and visual hallucinations?
Which drug is known for its use in acute spasm due to muscle injury and inflammation and has the adverse effects of confusion and visual hallucinations?
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