General Actions of Inhaled Anesthetics

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What is the effect of inhaled anesthetics on cerebral blood flow and metabolism?

Increased cerebral blood flow and increased cerebral metabolism
Decreased cerebral blood flow and decreased cerebral metabolism
Increased cerebral blood flow and decreased cerebral metabolism (correct)
Decreased cerebral blood flow and increased cerebral metabolism

Which of the following anesthetics is known to cause transient hepatic damage and liver necrosis?

Nitrous Oxide
Enflurane
Halothane (correct)
Isoflurane

What is the mechanism of malignant hyperthermia?

Excess calcium ion leads to excessive ATP breakdown/depletion (correct)
Excess sodium ion leads to excessive ATP production
Excess calcium ion leads to excessive ATP production
Excess potassium ion leads to excessive ATP depletion

Which of the following anesthetics is not metabolized in the liver?

Nitrous Oxide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inhaled anesthetics on renal blood flow and urine output?

Decreased renal blood flow and decreased urine output (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following intravenous anesthetics is known to potentiate the GABAA receptor?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of an analgesic dissociative anesthesia?

Purposeless but coordinated movements (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of stimulating the sympathetic nervous system in relation to analgesic dissociative anesthesia?

Increased heart rate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the vivid dreaming or extracorporeal experience associated with emergence reactions?

Jactitation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is intravenous induction preferred over inhalational induction in some cases?

Avoidance of the excitatory phase of anesthesia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of inhaled anesthetic agents?

Transferred to the brain via the lungs and bloodstream (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of combining anesthetics and muscle relaxants in balanced anesthesia?

To use specific drugs for each component of anesthesia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of inhalation anesthetics?

Increase in GABA and glycine neurotransmitters (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the MAC measurement for inhaled anesthetics?

To measure the potency of an inhaled anesthetic (C) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the amount of inhaled anesthetic that reaches the brain?

Oil:gas partition coefficient (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an inhaled anesthetic with a low MAC?

High lipid solubility (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inhalation anesthetics on neural activity?

Decrease in neural activity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathway for general anesthetics to reach the brain?

Through the bloodstream and crossing the blood-brain barrier (A) Signup and view all the answers