General Academic Quiz

A type of immune cell that plays a role in the adaptive immune response by producing antibodies that target specific pathogens.

A type of white blood cell that is part of the adaptive immune system and helps to fight off infections by killing infected cells.

A type of immune response that is characterized by being specific to a particular pathogen and involving memory cells.

A type of immunity that is non-specific to a particular pathogen and is present from birth.

A type of immunity that is acquired by receiving antibodies from external sources, such as through maternal-fetal transfer or breastfeeding.

A type of immunity that is acquired by having the disease or by vaccination.

The ability of the body to fight off infection and disease.

Specialized cells that are produced during an immune response and can quickly recognize and respond to a specific pathogen upon subsequent exposure.

A delayed hypersensitivity reaction that involves T cells rather than antibodies, primarily involving macrophages and T cells, leading to severe tissue damage and fibrosis.

The antigen is presented to T cells, initiating a delayed response involving macrophages and T cells.

The result of Type IV hypersensitivity reactions, which primarily involve macrophages and T cells, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.

A classic example of Type IV hypersensitivity reaction, where exposure to tuberculin protein leads to a localized inflammatory reaction, usually a small red bump.

A response by the body to the presence of transplanted foreign tissue, involving the rejection of the transplant by the immune system.

An allergic reaction that involves contact with certain substances such as poison ivy, nickel, or latex, resulting in skin rash, itching, and inflammation.

The process by which the immune system recognizes and responds to antigens. In Type IV hypersensitivity, antigen presentation to T cells triggers a delayed and cell-mediated immune response.

The immune system's response to antigens involving various effector cells, namely T cells, and their products like cytokines, ultimately leading to the elimination of the antigen.

A butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose, often a key characteristic of SLE.

A condition where the body's immune system attacks its own tissues and organs, leading to inflammation and damage.

A decrease in the number of white blood cells in the blood, common in SLE.

Inflammation and pain in the joints, a frequent symptom of SLE.

A state of weakened immune system, making individuals susceptible to infections.

Infections that occur in individuals with compromised immune systems.

A parasitic retrovirus that infects CD4 cells and macrophages, leading to the development of AIDS.

The final stage of HIV infection, characterized by severely weakened immune system and susceptibility to opportunistic infections.

Periods of active disease, with symptoms present, characterized by elevated inflammation, joint pain, and potential organ damage.

Periods of inactivity, with minimal or no symptoms, in SLE where inflammation and organ damage are reduced.

A type of arthritis found in SLE where multiple joints are swollen, sensitive, and painful.

Positive antibody testing in SLE. Abnormal antibodies are found in the blood.

A subtype of lupus where the skin is affected, causing red, scaly patches that can leave scars.

A diagnostic criterion for SLE, often present in the lining around the heart, abdominal, and thoracic cavities.

An inherited disorder where there is an almost complete absence of von Willebrand factor, leading to more severe bleeding.

This type of disease involves a qualitative defect in von Willebrand factor, meaning that the factor does not function properly.

This is the mildest and most common form of the disorder.

This form of the disease is not inherited. It develops due to other conditions, such as heart disease, certain cancers, or autoimmune disorders.

Bleeding studies assess the clotting time and factor VIII levels.

A type of lymphoma characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, which are abnormal B lymphocytes.

A type of lymphoma characterized by the absence of Reed-Sternberg cells and a wider variety of abnormal B lymphocytes.

Stage III Hodgkin's Lymphoma involves lymph nodes both above and below the diaphragm, potentially affecting tissue, organs, and the spleen.

A type of cancer that affects the leukocytes (white blood cells), leading to abnormal proliferation and crowding of normal blood cells.

A type of leukemia that primarily affects children, responding well to therapy and offering a good prognosis.

A type of leukemia that primarily affects adults, responding fairly well to treatment with a somewhat worse prognosis than ALL.

A type of leukemia that primarily affects adults, responding poorly to therapy but allowing many years of survival after diagnosis.

A type of leukemia that primarily affects adults, responding poorly to chemotherapy but improving with a bone marrow transplant.

A cancer of the plasma cells that leads to excessive production of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow.

A protein found in the urine of patients with Multiple Myeloma, indicative of the disease.