Gender Roles Across Cultures
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Questions and Answers

What are roles in the context of gender roles?

  • Personal ambitions that individuals pursue.
  • Tasks and responsibilities associated with specific situations. (correct)
  • Expectations of educational achievement.
  • Social status within a community.

How are gender roles assigned according to the content?

  • They are determined by individual choices.
  • They are assigned at birth based on biological sex. (correct)
  • They are influenced solely by peer groups.
  • They are taught in schools.

Which of the following is NOT listed as an agent of socialization for gender roles?

  • Workplace
  • Personal hobbies (correct)
  • Media
  • Family

In the traditional gender roles discussed, what is expected of a son?

<p>To find a job and support the family. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did women enjoy in pre-colonial Philippines according to the content?

<p>They held identical privileges as men. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are secondary agents of gender role socialization mentioned?

<p>Religion and workplace. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects societal influences on gender roles?

<p>Societal norms dictate expectations for gender-specific behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Shakespeare's quote in 'As You Like It' imply about individuals?

<p>They are aware of their roles based on societal norms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do men traditionally have in African societies according to the content?

<p>Key decision-maker and protector (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the situation of women in African societies?

<p>Women primarily engage in child-rearing and domestic work (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What notable change has occurred regarding American women in the workforce?

<p>They have made progress in male-dominated fields (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do gender roles in North America differ from those in Africa, based on the content?

<p>North American parents share child-rearing responsibilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of women's roles in Africa?

<p>Women are seen as decision-makers in families (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason Japanese companies do not invest in women's training?

<p>Women are considered temporary workers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cultural term describes the ideal attributes of women in Latin America?

<p>Marianismo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the role of men in Latin American culture?

<p>They have exclusive control over public and political spheres. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has women's economic independence in Europe affected traditional family patterns?

<p>New family patterns have emerged. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What societal expectation is placed on women once they marry, according to Japanese culture?

<p>Focus on family care, including in-laws. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best characterizes gender roles in Europe today?

<p>Women are increasingly engaging in both earning and caring activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Latin American culture, what does machismo refer to?

<p>A culture that values male assertive qualities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the babaylan play in the barangay?

<p>They held vital spiritual and guidance roles within the community. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the status of women in the Philippines after the arrival of the Spaniards?

<p>Women were relegated to domestic roles and lost decision-making power. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is generally expected of women in Japanese culture with regards to their career choices?

<p>To seek temporary job roles that allow family focus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cultural influence is mentioned regarding gender roles in Japan?

<p>Women are responsible for family decision-making and household management. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects the responsibilities of Japanese fathers?

<p>They must socialize with their managers after work hours. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the world wars on women's rights in the Philippines?

<p>Women began to gain opportunities and privileges similar to men. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prevented Filipino women from enjoying equal rights historically?

<p>Stronghold of cultural traditions and societal norms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of traditional Japanese life influences women's roles?

<p>The expectation of preparing elaborate lunches for children. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the cross-dressing males in the context of the babaylan?

<p>Spiritual leaders sharing roles with women. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gender Roles

Tasks and responsibilities assigned to individuals based on their perceived gender.

Socialization Agents

Influences like family, education, peers, and media that shape gender roles.

Pre-colonial Philippines Gender Roles

Women in pre-colonial Philippines had similar rights to men, including property ownership and leadership.

Spanish Colonization Gender Roles

Under Spanish rule, women were largely restricted to domestic roles, with men holding more power.

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Post-Colonial Era Gender Roles

Both men and women have more opportunities in education and employment in the Philippines.

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Gender Roles in Japan

Japanese women often manage household and finances; men emphasize long-hours at work. Sons often prioritize higher education; daughters shorter.

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Gender Roles in Latin America (Machismo/Marianismo)

Machismo emphasizes male dominance; Marianismo values female submissiveness and moral virtue.

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Gender Roles in Europe

Increased economic participation from men and women, altering traditional expectations. Fathers are more involved in childcare.

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Gender Roles in Africa

Traditional patriarchal societies often place women in subservient roles, emphasizing their roles as homemakers and caregivers.

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Gender Roles in North America

Significant progress towards gender equality, with shared responsibilities and increased involvement of men in household duties.

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Study Notes

Gender Roles

  • Roles are tasks and responsibilities assigned to individuals based on their position.
  • We are assigned roles from birth based on our biological sex.
  • Socialization agents like family, education, peers, and media influence gender roles.

Gender Roles in the Philippines

  • Pre-colonial Philippines: Women enjoyed similar privileges to men, including property ownership, trade, and leadership roles.
  • Spanish Colonization: Women were relegated to domestic roles, while men assumed authority.
  • Post-Colonial Era: Both men and women now enjoy similar opportunities in education, employment, and social participation.

Gender Roles in Asian, African, and Western Societies

Asia (Japan)

  • Women manage household, family decisions, and finances.
  • Mothers prepare elaborate lunches (obento boxes) for children.
  • Men work long hours, even during free time, and socialize with managers.
  • Men are often recruited directly from universities for long-term employment.
  • Women are considered temporary workers, expected to prioritize family over career.
  • Sons are favored for higher education, while daughters are encouraged for shorter courses.
  • Marriage is a societal expectation for women, with full-time work discouraged.

Latin America

  • Machismo: The ideal man is bold, assertive, and sexually aggressive. Dominates public sphere.
  • Marianismo: The ideal woman is selfless, submissive, and morally superior. Focuses on domestic roles.
  • Men are expected to work, provide for the family, and express dominance at home.

Europe

  • Economic restructuring has influenced traditional gender roles.
  • Both men and women engage in work and childcare.
  • Fathers are becoming more active in parenting.
  • Women remain in the workforce after marriage and motherhood.
  • Women's economic independence leads to changing family patterns.

Africa

  • Traditional societies are male-dominated, with patriarchy upholding male supremacy.
  • Women are primarily seen as homemakers, child bearers, and wives.
  • Women's roles include childcare, housework, fetching wood, and serving others.
  • Women experience frequent childbearing, often due to societal expectations or high infant mortality.
  • Men dominate social interactions and occupy higher-paying jobs.

North America

  • Women have made progress towards equality.
  • Husbands and wives share earning responsibilities.
  • Men participate more in household duties.
  • Parents are more involved in childrearing.
  • Women engage in recreational activities like sports.
  • Women are entering previously male-dominated professions.

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Gender Roles in Asian, African, and Western Societies (Week 7) Discussion

Description

This quiz explores the concept of gender roles from a global perspective, focusing on historical and contemporary practices in the Philippines, Asia, Africa, and the Western world. We examine how various socialization agents shape these roles and how they have evolved over time.

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