18 Questions
What is one of the major axes of gender inequality according to the chapter?
Gender division of labour
Who is quoted as saying that the ideology of domesticity did not die, but mutated?
Williams
What is a consequence of women being largely responsible for care work?
Disadvantage in the employment sphere
What is the focus of 'preference theory' as developed by Hakim?
The choices that reflect different preferences for employment and family work
What is the relationship between care work and market work in terms of recognition?
Market work is valued more than care work
What is the outcome of the gendered division of labour according to 'preference theory'?
An outcome of women's choices reflecting different preferences
What is the likely consequence of continuing to work with assumptions based on unconvincing theories about women’s preferences?
Gender inequality will be perpetuated
What was the 'standard' worker expected to do in the 'male breadwinner' model of employment?
Work long hours and give extra effort when required
What is the primary requirement of capitalist organisational logic?
A worker with no sexuality and no emotions
What has changed in the workforce since the early 20th century?
The gender composition of the workforce has changed
What has been the result of the mismatch between the current reality of employees with caring responsibilities and the work-hour and career policies?
Increased gender inequality
What was the primary sector of the workforce in the early 20th century?
Manufacturing sector
What is a significant aspect of the gendered division of labor?
Women still retain the primary responsibility for caring and domestic work
What has contributed to the transformation of the world of paid work?
Technological change and globalization
What was a characteristic of the 'male breadwinner' model of employment and family articulation?
Men received a 'family wage' and related benefits
What has been the result of more women entering and remaining in employment?
The breakdown of the 'feudal' allocation of market work to men and domesticity to women
What is a consequence of the gendered division of labor?
Women do not gain the same level of reward as men from participation in paid employment
What was the traditional allocation of work prior to the 1950s and 1960s?
Men did market work and women did domestic work
Study Notes
The "Male Breadwinner" Model and Gender Inequality
- The traditional "male breadwinner" model of employment and family articulation is based on assumptions that perpetuate gender inequality.
- This model assumes a "standard worker" who is available to work long hours and give extra effort when required, which is incompatible with caring responsibilities.
The Limitations of the "Male Breadwinner" Model
- The "male breadwinner" model was developed in response to the needs of a workforce composed of mostly young, white, working-class and middle-class men in the manufacturing sector in the early 20th century.
- However, the gender composition of the workforce has changed, and the nature of work itself has also changed, making this model outdated.
Gender Inequality and the Division of Labour
- Gender inequality is perpetuated by the division of labour between men and women, which has a dual aspect:
- Women still retain primary responsibility for caring and domestic work, which is usually unpaid.
- Women do not gain the same level of reward from participation in paid employment as men do.
Changes in the World of Paid Work
- Since the 1950s and 1960s, technological change has transformed production systems, leading to the "globalisation" of markets and cultures.
- More women have entered and remained in employment, breaking down the traditional gender segregation of work.
The Persistence of Gender Inequality
- Despite these changes, the gender division of labour remains a major axis of gender inequality.
- The work of care, which is necessary for human survival, is still largely performed by women and is not valued equally to market work.
- Women continue to experience a double disadvantage in the employment sphere due to their caring responsibilities.
This quiz explores the concept of gender inequality and the gendered division of labour, including the unpaid domestic work and unequal rewards from paid employment. It is based on the work of Rosemary Crompton.
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