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Questions and Answers
Which of the following groups sought independence from Austria-Hungary?
Which of the following groups sought independence from Austria-Hungary?
Britain had agreements that committed them to military action regarding Austria-Hungary.
Britain had agreements that committed them to military action regarding Austria-Hungary.
False
What major event increased Serbia's power before World War I?
What major event increased Serbia's power before World War I?
Balkan Wars
Italy desired the return of ______, which had been taken by Germany in 1870.
Italy desired the return of ______, which had been taken by Germany in 1870.
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Which country signed a military alliance with Russia in 1892?
Which country signed a military alliance with Russia in 1892?
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Match the countries with their primary concerns during the pre-World War I era:
Match the countries with their primary concerns during the pre-World War I era:
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Russia had a strong industrial economy leading up to World War I.
Russia had a strong industrial economy leading up to World War I.
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Which ruler of Russia survived the internal problems leading up to World War I?
Which ruler of Russia survived the internal problems leading up to World War I?
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What was the main intention of creating trenches during the early stages of the war?
What was the main intention of creating trenches during the early stages of the war?
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The BEF consisted mainly of inexperienced soldiers.
The BEF consisted mainly of inexperienced soldiers.
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What event caused Germany to change its plans and head straight for Paris?
What event caused Germany to change its plans and head straight for Paris?
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The combination of trenches, barbed wire, and decimated land created a _____________ on the Western Front.
The combination of trenches, barbed wire, and decimated land created a _____________ on the Western Front.
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Match the following events to their outcomes:
Match the following events to their outcomes:
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Which strategy did Germany attempt in October 1914 to overcome British and French forces?
Which strategy did Germany attempt in October 1914 to overcome British and French forces?
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The Western Front consisted of mobilized cavalry forces.
The Western Front consisted of mobilized cavalry forces.
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What geographical region did the Western Front stretch from?
What geographical region did the Western Front stretch from?
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What was the primary objective of the Schlieffen Plan?
What was the primary objective of the Schlieffen Plan?
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Belgian troops were unable to resist the German advance in 1914.
Belgian troops were unable to resist the German advance in 1914.
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What was the impact of the Battle of the Marne on the Schlieffen Plan?
What was the impact of the Battle of the Marne on the Schlieffen Plan?
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The standard-issue British rifle used during the Battle of Mons was the __________.
The standard-issue British rifle used during the Battle of Mons was the __________.
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What role did humour play among soldiers during the war?
What role did humour play among soldiers during the war?
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Match the events with the corresponding outcomes during the early stages of WWI:
Match the events with the corresponding outcomes during the early stages of WWI:
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Soldiers primarily received worse food than what they would have at home.
Soldiers primarily received worse food than what they would have at home.
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What was one major reason for the stalemate on the Western Front?
What was one major reason for the stalemate on the Western Front?
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What were 'Pals' battalions?
What were 'Pals' battalions?
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Around __________ days per month were spent by soldiers in the trenches.
Around __________ days per month were spent by soldiers in the trenches.
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Austria-Hungary's actions were not significant contributors to the outbreak of World War I.
Austria-Hungary's actions were not significant contributors to the outbreak of World War I.
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What was the result of the French attack across the Franco-German border?
What was the result of the French attack across the Franco-German border?
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Which of the following was a primary innovation during the war?
Which of the following was a primary innovation during the war?
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Poison gas was an effective weapon that could break the stalemate of war.
Poison gas was an effective weapon that could break the stalemate of war.
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What event did Gavrilo Princip trigger that contributed to the outbreak of the First World War?
What event did Gavrilo Princip trigger that contributed to the outbreak of the First World War?
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Match the following innovations with their descriptions:
Match the following innovations with their descriptions:
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Soldiers often received gifts from home, such as __________ and __________.
Soldiers often received gifts from home, such as __________ and __________.
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Serbia accepted all terms of the 10 Point Ultimatum presented by Austria-Hungary.
Serbia accepted all terms of the 10 Point Ultimatum presented by Austria-Hungary.
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Who was the assassin that ultimately succeeded in killing the Archduke?
Who was the assassin that ultimately succeeded in killing the Archduke?
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Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on _____.
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on _____.
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Match the following dates with their corresponding events related to the assassination:
Match the following dates with their corresponding events related to the assassination:
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What was one of the main reasons for Germany's concern leading up to the war?
What was one of the main reasons for Germany's concern leading up to the war?
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The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a planned event by a group known as the Black Hand.
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a planned event by a group known as the Black Hand.
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What did Austria-Hungary do on 6 July 1914 in relation to Serbia?
What did Austria-Hungary do on 6 July 1914 in relation to Serbia?
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What was a significant factor that led to the USA joining the war in April 1917?
What was a significant factor that led to the USA joining the war in April 1917?
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The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia led to the strengthening of the Allied forces.
The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia led to the strengthening of the Allied forces.
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What was General Ludendorff's strategy during the Spring Offensive in 1918?
What was General Ludendorff's strategy during the Spring Offensive in 1918?
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By early 1918, Germany was able to withdraw its troops from the ______ front.
By early 1918, Germany was able to withdraw its troops from the ______ front.
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What was one major issue faced by Germany by 1918?
What was one major issue faced by Germany by 1918?
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Germany successfully gained 64km of territory during the Ludendorff Offensive.
Germany successfully gained 64km of territory during the Ludendorff Offensive.
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What was the outcome in terms of casualties for Germany during the Ludendorff Offensive?
What was the outcome in terms of casualties for Germany during the Ludendorff Offensive?
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Match the following events with their descriptions:
Match the following events with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
GCSE History Revision Notes - Conflict and Tension, 1894-1918
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Key Causes of WWI (MAIN):
- Militarism: European countries significantly increased military spending and developed new, deadly weapons like poison gas, aircraft, and machine guns.
- Alliances: Countries formed agreements to support each other in case of war, creating powerful blocs like the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente.
- Imperialism: Intense competition for colonies, especially in Africa (Scramble for Africa), heightened tensions among European powers in the late 19th century.
- Nationalism: Strong feelings of patriotism and national pride grew in many European countries, leading to a desire to prove their nation's greatness.
The Alliance System
- Triple Alliance (Central Powers): Formed in 1882, initially consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. Primarily driven by fear of French aggression and the desire to create a balance of power
- Triple Entente: Formed in 1907, initially consisting of Britain, France, and Russia. The Entente Cordiale (1904) between France and Britain was a key precursor.
- Significance: The alliance system meant a localized conflict could rapidly escalate into a major war as alliances dictated that support would be given to allied nations involved in conflict.
Pre-War Crises
- Morocco Crises (1905, 1911): Germany challenged France's ambitions in Morocco, leading to international crises and further straining relations. The Kaiser's actions highlighted German desire for overseas colonies and British and French resistance to German expansionist aims.
- Balkan Wars (1912, 1913): A series of conflicts that increased tensions between Austria-Hungary and Serbia, due to rising Serbian nationalism. The Balkan conflicts saw Serbia emerge as the dominant power in the Balkans, causing widespread apprehension in Austria-Hungary.
The Outbreak of War
- Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (June 28, 1914): His assassination in Sarajevo triggered a series of events leading to war. A Serbian nationalist group, known as the Black Hand, was responsible for the assassination.
- Austria-Hungary's Ultimatum to Serbia: Austria-Hungary issued a series of demands to Serbia following the assassination and Germany provided support for Austria-Hungary's actions.
- Escalation of Conflict: The alliance system played a critical role, drawing multiple countries into the conflict.
The Western Front Stalemate
- Schlieffen Plan: Germany's plan to quickly defeat France before Russia mobilized, failing due to unexpected Belgian resistance and the speed of allied mobilization.
- Trench Warfare: The inability of either side to break through entrenched lines led to a stalemate on the Western Front. This involved elaborate trench systems, barbed wire, and devastating new technologies.
- War of Attrition: Both sides attempted to wear down the other through prolonged battles and high casualties.
Ending the War
- US Entry (1917): The US entry into the war significantly boosted Allied resources and manpower.
- Russian Revolution (1917): The Russian Revolution led to Russia withdrawing from the war, freeing up German forces in the East for use on the Western Front.
- Ludendorff Offensive (1918): A large-scale German offensive aimed at achieving a decisive victory; this failed to break Allied lines.
- Armistice (November 11, 1918): The cessation of hostilities; Germany's unconditional surrender.
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Description
This quiz covers key causes of World War I, focusing on militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism. It examines the historical context of the period between 1894 and 1918, highlighting significant events and concepts. Prepare for your GCSE History exam with these essential revision notes.
