World War I Causes and Warfare

World War I (WWI) Causes

• Nationalism, militarism, alliances, imperialism, and the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand by Gavrilo Princip were key causes.
• The Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy) and the Triple Entente (France, Russia, UK) were major opposing alliances.

WWI Warfare

• Trench warfare was a brutal form of fighting, with soldiers living in trenches, facing harsh conditions like trench foot and trench mouth.
• Key figures include Billy Bishop (Canadian flying ace) and the Red Baron (Manfred von Richthofen, German fighter pilot).
• The Von Schlieffen Plan was Germany's strategy to avoid a two-front war, aiming to quickly defeat France before tackling Russia.
• Total war involved the entire nation in the war effort, impacting civilians and military personnel.

Interwar Period and the Great Depression

• The economic cycle of boom, bust, and recovery shaped the period, leading to the Great Depression.
• Relief camps and transience were common as people struggled for basic needs and moved in search of work.
• R.B. Bennett and William Lyon Mackenzie King were significant political leaders during this time.

World War II (WWII)

• Fascism and Nazism, totalitarian regimes under Hitler and Mussolini, led to WWII.
• Key events include the Pearl Harbor attack, the Allied invasion of Sicily (Operation Husky), and D-Day (Normandy invasion).
• Blitzkrieg tactics were used by Germany for swift attacks.
• The Holocaust, the systematic extermination of Jews and other minorities by Nazi Germany, was a horrific event.
• Nuclear warfare, with the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, had devastating consequences.
• The Manhattan Project, led by Robert Oppenheimer, developed the atomic bombs.

Post-WWII and the Cold War

• The Cold War was an ideological conflict between the capitalist West (U.S.) and communist East (Soviet Union).
• The establishment of the United Nations post-WWII aimed at maintaining international peace and security.
• Proxy wars, like those in Korea and Vietnam, occurred between U.S. and Soviet-backed forces.
• Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) was a concept emphasizing the potentially catastrophic consequences of nuclear war.
• Warsaw Pact vs. NATO represented the opposing military alliances.
• The Iron Curtain and Red Scare symbolized Europe's division and the U.S.'s fear of communist expansion.

Canadian History and Social Movements

• Women's rights, including the suffragist movement and the Person's Case legal recognition, were key advancements.
• Residential schools represent a tragic period in Canadian history, forcing Indigenous children into assimilation.
• Indigenous rights continue to be a significant issue, addressing historic assimilation and discrimination.
• The Winnipeg General Strike was a notable labor movement.
• The Alberta Five fought for women's rights, paving the way for women's suffrage.

Cultural and Societal Shifts

• Jazz and rock and roll shaped the cultural scene, especially post-WWII.
• The baby boomer generation impacted social and economic changes.
• Hippies, advocating peace, love, and anti-establishment ideals, emerged in the 1960s and 1970s.
• The 1972 Summit Series was a major ice hockey rivalry between Canada and the Soviet Union.

War and Post-War Economics

• Victory bonds and censorship were used during WWI and WWII to finance and control information.
• The Marshall Plan provided economic aid to rebuild Europe post-WWII.
• Stock/shares were important financial tools affecting businesses during the wars and later.

Key Global and Ideological Movements

• Fascism and communism were significant 20th-century ideologies.
• Mein Kampf outlined Adolf Hitler's ideology.

World War I Terms

• Colony, Monarchy, Autonomy, War, Alliance System, Nationalism, Militarism, The Black Hand, Von Schlieffen Plan, Triple Alliance, Triple Entente, Trench Warfare, Trench, No Man's Land, Front Trench, Over the Top, Trench Foot, Trench Mouth, Dogfight, Billy Bishop, Red Baron, Naval Blockade, Convoy System, Conscription, Military Service Act, Pacifist, Total War, Halifax Explosion, Victory Bonds, Enemy Aliens, Censorship, Propaganda, League of Nations, War Guilt Clause, Union, General Strike, Assimilation, Residential Schools

Additional Terms

• Jazz, Suffragists, Alberta Five, Person's Case, Prosperity, Recession, Recovery, Depression, Stock/Share, Stock Certificate, Drought, Dustbowl, Relief Camps, Relief Workers, Transients, Ride the Rails, On-to-Ottawa Trek, Axis Powers, Allied Powers, Superpower Nation, Atomic Warfare, Fascism, Dictator, Nazism, Propaganda, Mein Kampf, Anti-Semitism, Rearmament, Communists, Blitzkrieg, Pearl Harbor, Barbarossa, Operation Husky, Battle at Dieppe, D-Day, Nuclear War, Manhattan Project, Robert Oppenheimer, Nagasaki, Hiroshima, Radiation, Holocaust, Concentration/Death Camps, Wolfpack, VE Day, Cold War, Warsaw Pact, NATO, Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine, Spy, Espionage, United Nations, Iron Curtain, Red Scare, Mutually Assured Destruction, Gouzenko Affair, Middle Power, Suez Canal Crisis, Lester B. Pearson, Proxy War, Hippies, Rock & Roll, Baby Boomer, The Summit Series

This quiz explores the key causes of World War I, including nationalism and alliances, as well as the brutal realities of trench warfare. It covers significant figures and strategies from the conflict, providing insights into the total war concept and its effects on nations and civilians alike.