Gastrointestinal Tract: Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the mucin in saliva?

  • To aid in speech and chewing
  • To break down proteins
  • To lubricate food (correct)
  • To break down complex carbohydrates

    • What is the primary function of the amylase in saliva?

  • To lubricate food
  • To aid in speech and chewing
  • To break down complex carbohydrates (correct)
  • To break down proteins

    • What is the primary function of lysozyme in saliva?

  • To lubricate food
  • To break down complex carbohydrates
  • To aid in speech and chewing
  • To have an antibacterial effect (correct)

    • What is the primary function of the digestive tract?

    <p>To pass food through for digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive tract is responsible for mechanical preparation of food?

    <p>Oral cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the two parts of the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Digestive Tract and Accessory Organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended lifestyle modification to avoid lying down immediately after meals?

    <p>Elevate the head of the bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Mallory-Weiss syndrome?

    <p>Lifting or straining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of food is recommended to be avoided in patients with acid reflux?

    <p>Fatty foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical duration of clinical recovery for Hepatitis B patients?

    <p>3-16 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary diagnosis for esophageal varices?

    <p>Upper endoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended vaccination schedule for Hepatitis B for children and adults?

    <p>Three intramuscular injections, the second and third doses administered at 1 and 6 months respectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a single booster dose for healthcare workers?

    <p>To offer additional protection after primary immunization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of esophageal varices?

    <p>Upper gastrointestinal bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the development of esophageal varices?

    <p>Portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of cirrhosis associated with Hepatitis B?

    <p>Micronodular cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method to prevent Hepatitis B transmission from mother-to-child?

    <p>Antiviral prophylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Hepatitis B?

    <p>No symptoms for a long time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hoarseness in URTI?

    <p>H.Influenza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensation of substernal burning, radiating to the neck, caused by reflux of acidic material into the esophagus?

    <p>Heartburn (pyrosis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for acute laryngitis?

    <p>One week rest of voice box and antibiotic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the differential diagnosis for hoarseness?

    <p>Tumor in vocal cords, Gastroesophageal reflux disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for difficulty in swallowing?

    <p>Dysphagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for difficulty in transferring the food bolus from the oropharynx into the upper esophagus?

    <p>Oropharyngeal Dysphagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Obstruction of the cystic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the bone concavity where the pituitary gland is located?

    <p>Sella turcica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endocrine glands?

    <p>To produce hormones that are released into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the examination of the right upper quadrant just below one inch of the subcostal margin to detect pain?

    <p>Murphy's sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of gallstone?

    <p>Cholesterol stone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment approach for acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Combination of medical management and surgical intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

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