30 Questions
What is the primary responsibility of the Upper GI tract?
Ingestion
What is the function of the appendix?
Reservoir for normal flora
What is the primary responsibility of the Middle GI tract?
Digestion and absorption
What is the function of the accessory organs?
Production of digestive secretions
What is the primary responsibility of the Lower GI tract?
Collection and elimination of waste
What is the function of the small intestine?
Majority of digestion takes place
What is the primary function of digestion in the body?
Breaking down of food into its basic parts
What is the role of pepsin in the stomach?
Breaking down proteins into peptides
What is the main function of villi in the small intestine?
Increasing the surface area for absorption
What is the role of bile in the small intestine?
Emulsifying fats to facilitate digestion
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
Absorbing water and collecting waste
What is the result of a broken 'mucosal barrier' in the stomach?
Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease
What is the potential risk if an ulcer perforates through all the layers into the abdominal cavity?
Infection, inflammation, and potentially sepsis and shock
What is the effect of swelling near the pyloric sphincter on the stomach?
Impaired emptying of the stomach into the small intestine
What is the benefit of antibiotic treatment in patients with H. pylori infection?
Fewer recurrences of ulcers
What is the role of antacids in ulcer treatment?
Neutralizing the acid that is present in the stomach
What is the consequence of complete occlusion of the stomach due to ulceration?
Vomiting up undigested food, electrolyte imbalances, and bowel obstructions
What is the lifestyle modification recommended for patients with ulcers?
Avoid smoking, drinking alcohol, and taking NSAIDS
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
Receives and secretes digestive enzymes
Which of the following is a secretion of the large intestine?
Mucus
What is the outermost layer of the GI wall?
Serosa/visceral peritoneum
What is a possible predisposing factor for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)?
Autoimmune problem with environmental triggers
What is a common nursing problem associated with IBD?
Weight loss
What is the role of stress in IBD?
It can exacerbate the symptoms of IBD
What is the primary goal of giving specific drugs in the GI tract?
To decrease inflammation locally with minimal side effects
What is the function of trypsin inhibitor in the pancreas?
To prevent trypsin activation inside the pancreas
What is a common predisposing factor for the pathological change in the pancreas?
All of the above
Why is it a problem if the enzymes are activated within the pancreas?
The enzymes can digest the pancreas itself, leading to inflammation and damage
What is the role of bicarbonate in the pancreatic juice?
To neutralize acidic chyme from the stomach and provide an alkaline environment for digestive enzymes
What is the purpose of an ostomy in the management of GI tract problems?
To drain the contents of the colon into a bag to rest the colon and allow it to heal
Test your knowledge of the normal physiology of the gastrointestinal system, including its functions, structure, and divisions. Learn about the ingestion, digestion, and absorption of nutrients, and the elimination of solid wastes.
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