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Questions and Answers
Which nervous system innervates the abdominal wall and parietal peritoneum?
Which nervous system innervates the abdominal wall and parietal peritoneum?
- Autonomic nervous system
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- Somatic nervous system (correct)
Which region is also called the suprapubic area?
Which region is also called the suprapubic area?
- Epigastrium
- Hypogastrium (correct)
- Hypochondrium
- Umbilical region
What divides the abdominal surface into nine regions?
What divides the abdominal surface into nine regions?
- Two vertical and two horizontal planes (correct)
- Two horizontal planes
- Three vertical and two horizontal planes
- Two vertical planes
Which of the following is not part of the abdomen?
Which of the following is not part of the abdomen?
Which organ extends from the mouth to the anus?
Which organ extends from the mouth to the anus?
Which area is also known as the left iliac region?
Which area is also known as the left iliac region?
Which structure is responsible for pain localised above the umbilicus?
Which structure is responsible for pain localised above the umbilicus?
What type of pain is associated with obstruction of a muscular conducting tube such as the bowel or the ureter?
What type of pain is associated with obstruction of a muscular conducting tube such as the bowel or the ureter?
What kind of pain lasts for a short time, eases off, and then returns?
What kind of pain lasts for a short time, eases off, and then returns?
In which condition does the pain 'move' from the umbilicus to the right iliac fossa and become sharp and severe?
In which condition does the pain 'move' from the umbilicus to the right iliac fossa and become sharp and severe?
Which organ is associated with referred pain to the right shoulder?
Which organ is associated with referred pain to the right shoulder?
What does severe acute abdominal pain with sudden onset suggest?
What does severe acute abdominal pain with sudden onset suggest?
Which structure is responsible for lower abdominal pain?
Which structure is responsible for lower abdominal pain?
Which condition may be indicated by abdominal pain that is midline and radiates through to the back?
Which condition may be indicated by abdominal pain that is midline and radiates through to the back?
Which structure causes epigastric pain?
Which structure causes epigastric pain?
What is the character of pain associated with inflammation and neoplastic infiltration?
What is the character of pain associated with inflammation and neoplastic infiltration?
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Study Notes
Abdominal Nervous System and Regional Anatomy
- The abdominal wall and parietal peritoneum are innervated by the thoracic nerves (T7-L1).
- The suprapubic area is also known as the hypogastric region.
- The abdominal surface is divided into nine regions by the two midclavicular lines and the subcostal plane.
Anatomy and Organs
- The alimentary canal extends from the mouth to the anus.
- The left iliac region is also known as the left lower quadrant.
- The diaphragm is responsible for pain localized above the umbilicus.
Types of Pain
- Colicky pain is associated with obstruction of a muscular conducting tube such as the bowel or the ureter.
- Intermittent pain lasts for a short time, eases off, and then returns.
- Migrating pain, which moves from the umbilicus to the right iliac fossa and becomes sharp and severe, is indicative of acute appendicitis.
Organ-Specific Pain
- The gallbladder is associated with referred pain to the right shoulder.
- Severe acute abdominal pain with sudden onset suggests a surgical emergency, such as a perforated viscus or intestinal obstruction.
- The ureter is responsible for lower abdominal pain.
- Abdominal pain that is midline and radiates through to the back may indicate pancreatitis.
- The stomach causes epigastric pain.
- Pain associated with inflammation and neoplastic infiltration is dull, aching, and constant.
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