Gastrointestinal Pharmacology: Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis?

  • Bloody diarrhea
  • Patchy transmural inflammation (correct)
  • Diffuse mucosal inflammation
  • Abdominal pain

What is the primary goal of treatment in inflammatory bowel disease?

  • Combination therapy
  • Prolonging remission
  • Surgical intervention
  • Resolving acute episodes (correct)

Which thiopurine is used to treat active and chronic symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease?

  • Infliximab
  • Corticosteroids
  • Aminosalicylates
  • Methotrexate (correct)

What is the primary mechanism of action of corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease?

<p>Inhibition of inflammatory pathways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the antibody infusion used to treat active and chronic symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease?

<p>Infliximab (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential benefit of using aminosalicylates in inflammatory bowel disease?

<p>Reducing the risk of colorectal cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of loperamide in treating diarrhea?

<p>Stimulating opioid receptors in the bowel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis?

<p>Clostridium difficile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of simethicone in treating flatulence?

<p>Altering the elasticity of mucus-coated bubbles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Azathioprine and mercaptopurine?

<p>Inhibition of ribonucleotide synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of action of antiemetics such as scopolamine?

<p>Area postrema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immunosuppressant is metabolized to mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine nucleotides?

<p>Azathioprine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of metoclopramide in treating nausea and vomiting?

<p>Antagonizing dopamine D2 receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of ondansetron in treating nausea and vomiting?

<p>Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Methotrexate?

<p>Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Cyclosporin?

<p>Inhibition of T cell activation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of diphenoxylate in treating diarrhea?

<p>Slowing intestinal contractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contraindication for the use of metoclopramide?

<p>Parkinson's disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Infliximab?

<p>Neutralization of TNF-α (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of osmotic laxatives?

<p>Draw fluid into the bowel by osmotic force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of phenothiazines in treating nausea and vomiting?

<p>Histamine H1 receptor antagonism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of bulk agents?

<p>Increase bowel content and volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of meclizine in treating nausea and vomiting?

<p>Motion sickness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of stimulant laxatives?

<p>Increase intestinal motility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary complication of laxative abuse?

<p>Hypokalemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Lubiprostone?

<p>Stimulation of chloride channels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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