Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Microbes

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Questions and Answers

What type of organism is Streptococcus mutant?

Gram-positive, cocci-shaped bacteria (correct)

Enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus

Rod-shaped bacteria without spores

Gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria

What hallmark characteristic does Helicobacter pylori have?

Curved, motile shape via flagella

Produces acid from carbohydrate fermentation

Urease production to neutralize stomach acid (correct)

Forming pseudomembranes in the colon

Which disease is characterized by severe diarrhea with blood and mucus?

Oral herpes

Campylobacteriosis

Bacillary dysentery (correct)

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea

What is a common transmission method for Campylobacter?

Contaminated food Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria is Clostridium difficile classified as?

Gram-positive, spore-forming Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with Shigellosis?

Painful blisters on the lips Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant factor in the disease caused by Helicobacter pylori?

Strong association with stomach lining inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which of these viruses is associated with recurrent cold sores?

HHV-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the causative agent type for gastroenteritis?

Depends on the causative agent Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is typical for Clostridium difficile infections?

Forms pseudomembranes in the colon Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is associated with the disease of gastroenteritis?

E. coli Signup and view all the answers

What is a common transmission route for Enterobius vermicularis?

Fecal-oral route Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is characteristic of leptospirosis caused by Leptospira interrogans?

Jaundice Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is Candida albicans?

Fungi Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a hallmark sign of toxic shock syndrome caused by Staphylococcus aureus?

Rapid onset fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of giardiasis?

Watery, greasy diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is most commonly linked to bacterial vaginosis?

Gardnerella vaginalis Signup and view all the answers

What transmission route is associated with Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

Sexual transmission Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of candidiasis?

White patches in the oral cavity Signup and view all the answers

What type of organism is associated with diarrhea specifically linked to contaminated water?

Giardia Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic best describes Staphylococcus aureus?

Gram-positive cocci Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of the infection caused by Leptospira interrogans?

Kidney damage Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is a common cause of diarrhea with foul-smelling stools?

Giardia Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Microbes

Streptococcus Mutans:
- Bacteria
- Gram-positive, facultative anaerobe, cocci-shaped
- Dental caries are a disease caused by it
- Characterized by tooth pain, cavities, visible holes, and tooth sensitivity
- Forms biofilm on tooth enamel
Helicobacter Pylori:
- Bacteria
- Gram-negative, spiral-shaped, microaerophilic, flagella
- Causes peptic ulcers, gastritis, and gastric cancer
- Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, bloating, loss of appetite, and frequent belching
Shigellosis (Shigella):
- Bacteria
- Gram-negative, rod-shaped, facultative anaerobe
- Often causes bacillary dysentery
- Symptoms include severe diarrhea, possibly with blood and mucus, and abdominal cramps
Campylobacteriosis (Campylobacter):
- Bacteria
- Gram-negative, curved, microaerophilic, motile via flagella
- Causes diarrhea, possibly with blood
- Symptoms include abdominal cramps, fever, nausea, and vomiting
Clostridium Difficile:
- Bacteria
- Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe, rod-shaped
- Can cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis
- Formation of pseudomembranes in the colon is a hallmark
HHV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1):
- Virus
- Enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus, part of the herpesvirus family
- Causes oral herpes (cold sores)
- Symptoms include painful blisters around the lips, fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes
Gastroenteritis (Various causes):
- Viral, bacterial, or parasitic
- Symptoms depend on the causative agent
- Common symptoms may include watery or bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, nausea, and vomiting
Giardiasis:
- Parasite
- Flagellated, binucleate, forms resistant cysts in the environment
- Causes intestinal infection
- Symptoms include watery, greasy, foul-smelling diarrhea, abdominal cramps, bloating, nausea, fatigue, and weight loss
Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworm):
- Parasite
- Small, white, thread-like intestinal worm
- Causes pinworm infection
- Symptoms include intense perianal itching
Leptospira interrogans:
- Bacteria
- Gram-negative, spirochete, tightly coiled with hooked ends, motile via flagella
- Causes leptospirosis
- Symptoms include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, jaundice, red eyes, vomiting, and diarrhea
Staphylococcus Aureus or Staphylococcus Pyogenes:
- Bacteria
- Gram-positive cocci, facultative anaerobe, toxin-producing
- Causes toxic shock syndrome
- Symptoms include sudden high fever, low blood pressure, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and confusion
Gardnerella Vaginalis:
- Bacteria
- Gram-variable, facultative anaerobe, rod-shaped
- Associated with bacterial vaginosis
- Symptoms include thin, grayish-white vaginal discharge with a fishy odor, vaginal itching, or irritation
Candida Albicans:
- Fungi
- Dimorphic fungus, existing as yeast and hyphae
- Causes candidiasis
- Symptoms include oral thrush (white patches in the mouth), vaginal candidiasis (thick, white, "cottage cheese-like" vaginal discharge), and systemic candidiasis (fever, organ failure)
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae:
- Bacteria
- Gram-negative, diplococcus, fastidious, oxidase-positive
- Causes gonorrhea
- Symptoms include urethral discharge in men and vaginal discharge and pelvic pain in women

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Description

Test your knowledge on key gastrointestinal and genitourinary microbes, including Streptococcus Mutans and Helicobacter Pylori. This quiz covers their characteristics, diseases they cause, and the symptoms associated with infections. Perfect for students studying microbiology or related fields.