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Questions and Answers
A 60-year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty, and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect:
A 60-year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty, and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect:
- Kidney stones
- Aortic aneurysm (correct)
- Acute pancreatitis
- Strangulated hernia
A strangulated hernia is one that:
A strangulated hernia is one that:
- Spontaneously reduces without any surgical intervention
- Can't be pushed back into the body cavity to which it belongs
- Is reducible if surgical intervention occurs within 2 hours
- Loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues (correct)
Chronic renal failure is a condition that:
Chronic renal failure is a condition that:
- Occurs from conditions such as dehydration
- Is often caused by hypertension or diabetes (correct)
- Causes dehydration from excessive urination
- Can be reversed with prompt treatment
Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in:
Erosion of the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactivity of digestive juices results in:
Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who:
Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who:
Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:
Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:
Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:
Pain that may be perceived at a distant point on the surface of the body, such as the back or shoulder, is called:
Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant of the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and lack of appetite are most indicative of:
Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant of the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and lack of appetite are most indicative of:
Solid abdominal organs include the:
Solid abdominal organs include the:
The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:
The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:
The most common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is:
The most common and significant complication associated with an acute abdomen is:
The parietal peritoneum lines the:
The parietal peritoneum lines the:
The principal symptom in both infectious and non-infectious gastroenteritis is:
The principal symptom in both infectious and non-infectious gastroenteritis is:
Which of the following conditions is more common in women than men?
Which of the following conditions is more common in women than men?
Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
Which of the following is characteristic of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
Which of the following organs assist in the filtration of blood, serve as a blood reservoir, and produce antibodies?
Which of the following organs assist in the filtration of blood, serve as a blood reservoir, and produce antibodies?
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
Which of the following organs would most likely bleed profusely if injured?
Which of the following organs would most likely bleed profusely if injured?
Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding the acute abdomen is correct?
Your patient's past medical history includes hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and seizures. Today, he presents with signs of acute renal failure. Which of his medical problems most likely caused this?
Your patient's past medical history includes hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and seizures. Today, he presents with signs of acute renal failure. Which of his medical problems most likely caused this?
Peritonitis may result in shock because:
Peritonitis may result in shock because:
Pain that is localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is most suggestive of:
Pain that is localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is most suggestive of:
Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything to eat or drink because:
Patients with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything to eat or drink because:
A 29-year-old pregnant woman has had severe vomiting for the last 2 days. Today, she is vomiting large amounts of blood. Her skin is cool and pale, and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect:
A 29-year-old pregnant woman has had severe vomiting for the last 2 days. Today, she is vomiting large amounts of blood. Her skin is cool and pale, and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect:
Which of the following statements regarding gastrointestinal bleeding is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding gastrointestinal bleeding is correct?
A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/minute and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your most immediate action should be to:
A 30-year-old woman with a history of alcoholism presents with severe upper abdominal pain and is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. Her skin is cool, pale, and clammy; her heart rate is 120 beats/minute and weak; and her blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Your most immediate action should be to:
Peristalsis is rhythmic muscle contractions of the digestive tract which propel food and digestive products.
Peristalsis is rhythmic muscle contractions of the digestive tract which propel food and digestive products.
What does the spleen do?
What does the spleen do?
As the filtrate passes through the rest of the nephron, tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion convert it to:
As the filtrate passes through the rest of the nephron, tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion convert it to:
Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs would MOST likely result in:
Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs would MOST likely result in:
Which of the following is a solid organ?
Which of the following is a solid organ?
Which of the following part of the male anatomy only?
Which of the following part of the male anatomy only?
Which of the following is a factor in peptic ulcer disease in older adults?
Which of the following is a factor in peptic ulcer disease in older adults?
Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are MOST indicative of:
Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea and vomiting, and anorexia are MOST indicative of:
Esophageal varices never happen in patients who consume a lot of alcohol.
Esophageal varices never happen in patients who consume a lot of alcohol.
In the presence of ileus, the only way the stomach can empty itself is by:
In the presence of ileus, the only way the stomach can empty itself is by:
Which of the following conditions is more common in women than men?
Which of the following conditions is more common in women than men?
Which of the following organs will most likely bleed profusely if injured?
Which of the following organs will most likely bleed profusely if injured?
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
Which of the following organs lies in the retroperitoneal space?
A strangulated hernia is one that:
A strangulated hernia is one that:
An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:
An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:
Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?
The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:
The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure by:
All of the following should be addressed during the primary assessment except:
All of the following should be addressed during the primary assessment except:
Ecchymosis
Ecchymosis
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Study Notes
Gastrointestinal and Urologic Emergencies
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A 60-year-old female with a tearing sensation in her lower back, sweating, and tachycardia likely has an aortic aneurysm.
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A strangulated hernia loses blood supply due to compression by surrounding tissues, making it a medical emergency.
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Chronic renal failure is often caused by hypertension or diabetes and is not typically reversible without intervention.
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Erosion of the stomach or duodenum protective layer due to digestive juices results in ulcers.
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Esophageal varices commonly occur in patients with excessive alcohol consumption, leading to potential life-threatening bleeding.
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Patients with abdominal pain often find relief by lying on their side with knees drawn into the abdomen.
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Referred pain is when pain is perceived at a distant body site, rather than at the source.
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Pain radiating to the right lower quadrant, along with nausea and vomiting, strongly indicates appendicitis.
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Solid abdominal organs include the spleen, kidneys, and pancreas, which play critical roles in bodily functions.
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Kidneys help regulate blood pressure by removing sodium and water, influencing fluid balance.
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Peritonitis is a significant complication of an acute abdomen that can lead to systemic shock due to fluid shifts.
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The parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity walls, providing structural support to the abdominal contents.
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Diarrhea is the principal symptom in both infectious and non-infectious gastroenteritis cases.
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Cystitis is more common in women than men, often related to urinary tract factors.
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Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is characterized by burning or gnawing stomach pain that subsides after eating.
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The spleen filters blood, stores it, and produces antibodies, making it integral to the lymphatic system.
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The pancreas is located in the retroperitoneal space, giving support and protection to abdominal organs.
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The liver is the organ most likely to bleed profusely when injured due to its extensive blood supply.
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Acute abdomen typically presents with initial vague pain, which can complicate diagnosis.
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In patients with a history of hypertension, heart failure, diabetes, and presenting acute renal failure, heart failure is the likely cause.
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Peritonitis may lead to shock as it causes fluid to shift from blood vessels into surrounding tissues.
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Pain localized to the lower back and/or lower abdominal quadrants is suggestive of an aortic aneurysm.
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Patients with acute abdominal pain should avoid food or drink due to the risk of aspiration.
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Severe vomiting with blood in a pregnant woman may indicate a Mallory-Weiss tear, requiring immediate attention.
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Gastrointestinal bleeding is a symptom of an underlying disease rather than an independent condition.
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Protecting the airway is critical for patients presenting with severe upper abdominal pain, especially if they are at risk of aspiration.
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Peristalsis involves rhythmic muscle contractions in the digestive tract that propel content through.
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Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can lead to peptic ulcer disease.
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Women are more likely to experience cystitis compared to men due to anatomical differences.
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Both the kidney and liver perform vital filtration and blood regulation functions, crucial for homeostasis.
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Patients with missed dialysis treatments commonly exhibit weakness as a result of accumulated toxins in the bloodstream.
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Emotional support is crucial while transporting patients with severe abdominal pain to reduce anxiety and provide comfort.
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