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Questions and Answers
What is the primary factor responsible for peptic ulcer disease in the upper GI tract?
What is the primary factor responsible for peptic ulcer disease in the upper GI tract?
- Overproduction of hydrochloric acid and pepsin
- Inflammation of the stomach, duodenum, or esophagus
- Imbalance between the factors that damage the gastric mucosa and the factors that protect it (correct)
- Infectious agents such as Helicobacter pylori
Which type of peptic ulcer is characterized by injury to the mucosa of the stomach?
Which type of peptic ulcer is characterized by injury to the mucosa of the stomach?
- Esophageal ulcer
- Duodenal ulcer
- Zollinger-Elison syndrome
- Gastric ulcer (correct)
What is the primary mechanism by which non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs promote peptic ulcer disease?
What is the primary mechanism by which non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs promote peptic ulcer disease?
- Impairment of mucosal blood flow
- Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis (correct)
- Activation of inflammatory cells
- Increase in gastric acid secretion
What is the characteristic of erosions in peptic ulcer disease?
What is the characteristic of erosions in peptic ulcer disease?
What is the primary distinction between gastric and duodenal ulcers?
What is the primary distinction between gastric and duodenal ulcers?
What is the term for disorders of the upper GI tract caused by the action of hydrochloric acid and pepsin?
What is the term for disorders of the upper GI tract caused by the action of hydrochloric acid and pepsin?
What is the primary mechanism by which histamine promotes gastric acid secretion?
What is the primary mechanism by which histamine promotes gastric acid secretion?
Which of the following factors is NOT a facilitating factor for peptic ulcer disease?
Which of the following factors is NOT a facilitating factor for peptic ulcer disease?
What is the primary effect of histamine on the gastric mucosa?
What is the primary effect of histamine on the gastric mucosa?
What is the primary function of the mucous layer in the gastric mucosa?
What is the primary function of the mucous layer in the gastric mucosa?
What is the effect of vagal stimulation on mucus secretion in the gastric mucosa?
What is the effect of vagal stimulation on mucus secretion in the gastric mucosa?
Which of the following is a result of impaired integrity of the mucosal lining?
Which of the following is a result of impaired integrity of the mucosal lining?
What is the percentage of peptic ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori?
What is the percentage of peptic ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori?
What is the pH of the gastric content in the lumen of the stomach?
What is the pH of the gastric content in the lumen of the stomach?
What is the effect of histamine on the gastric mucosal barrier?
What is the effect of histamine on the gastric mucosal barrier?
What is the role of bicarbonates in the gastric mucosa?
What is the role of bicarbonates in the gastric mucosa?
Where are mucous cells present in the gastric mucosa?
Where are mucous cells present in the gastric mucosa?
What is the effect of ingestion of aspirin or alcohol on mucus secretion in the gastric mucosa?
What is the effect of ingestion of aspirin or alcohol on mucus secretion in the gastric mucosa?
What is the primary cause of esophagitis?
What is the primary cause of esophagitis?
Which of the following is a risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease?
Which of the following is a risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease?
What is the result of gastric acid regurgitation in GERD?
What is the result of gastric acid regurgitation in GERD?
What is the pathophysiological mechanism of GERD?
What is the pathophysiological mechanism of GERD?
What is the consequence of gastric or duodenal ulcers in GERD?
What is the consequence of gastric or duodenal ulcers in GERD?
What is the clinical manifestation of GERD that can mimic angina pectoris?
What is the clinical manifestation of GERD that can mimic angina pectoris?
What is the primary mechanism by which gastric acid causes heartburn in GERD?
What is the primary mechanism by which gastric acid causes heartburn in GERD?
What is the benefit of elevating the head of the bed in GERD treatment?
What is the benefit of elevating the head of the bed in GERD treatment?
What is the mechanism of action of metoclopramide in GERD treatment?
What is the mechanism of action of metoclopramide in GERD treatment?
What is the composition of alginate?
What is the composition of alginate?
What is the effect of alginate on the stomach?
What is the effect of alginate on the stomach?
What is a benefit of reducing caffeine intake in GERD treatment?
What is a benefit of reducing caffeine intake in GERD treatment?
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