30 Questions
What is the primary factor responsible for peptic ulcer disease in the upper GI tract?
Imbalance between the factors that damage the gastric mucosa and the factors that protect it
Which type of peptic ulcer is characterized by injury to the mucosa of the stomach?
Gastric ulcer
What is the primary mechanism by which non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs promote peptic ulcer disease?
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis
What is the characteristic of erosions in peptic ulcer disease?
They usually heal without therapeutic interventions
What is the primary distinction between gastric and duodenal ulcers?
Location of the ulcer
What is the term for disorders of the upper GI tract caused by the action of hydrochloric acid and pepsin?
Peptic ulcer disease
What is the primary mechanism by which histamine promotes gastric acid secretion?
By stimulating the parietal cells directly
Which of the following factors is NOT a facilitating factor for peptic ulcer disease?
Increased secretion of mucus
What is the primary effect of histamine on the gastric mucosa?
Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
What is the primary function of the mucous layer in the gastric mucosa?
To form a physical barrier that slows the diffusion of acid and pepsin to the mucosal cell surface
What is the effect of vagal stimulation on mucus secretion in the gastric mucosa?
It increases the rate of mucus secretion
Which of the following is a result of impaired integrity of the mucosal lining?
Chronic gastritis
What is the percentage of peptic ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori?
80%
What is the pH of the gastric content in the lumen of the stomach?
pH 2
What is the effect of histamine on the gastric mucosal barrier?
It weakens the barrier by increasing gastric acid secretion
What is the role of bicarbonates in the gastric mucosa?
They act as a buffer that neutralizes H+ ions
Where are mucous cells present in the gastric mucosa?
In both oxyntic and pyloric glands
What is the effect of ingestion of aspirin or alcohol on mucus secretion in the gastric mucosa?
It increases the rate of mucus secretion
What is the primary cause of esophagitis?
Reflux of acid and pepsin from the stomach
Which of the following is a risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux disease?
Hiatal hernia
What is the result of gastric acid regurgitation in GERD?
All of the above
What is the pathophysiological mechanism of GERD?
Weak lower esophageal sphincter
What is the consequence of gastric or duodenal ulcers in GERD?
Pyloric edema and scarring
What is the clinical manifestation of GERD that can mimic angina pectoris?
Chest pain
What is the primary mechanism by which gastric acid causes heartburn in GERD?
Direct stimulation of the sensory nerve endings in the esophageal mucosa
What is the benefit of elevating the head of the bed in GERD treatment?
Preventing reflux
What is the mechanism of action of metoclopramide in GERD treatment?
Increasing the muscle tone of the lower esophageal sphincter
What is the composition of alginate?
Alkaline aluminium, magnesium, and sodium carbonate or hydroxide
What is the effect of alginate on the stomach?
It forms a foamy gel uppermost in the stomach, preventing reflux of acid to the esophagus
What is a benefit of reducing caffeine intake in GERD treatment?
It reduces the chance of reflux
Test your knowledge on peptic ulcer disease and esophageal reflux disease, including types of peptic ulcers, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations. Learn about the imbalance between damaging and protective factors, and the role of Helicobacter pylori and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
