Gastritis Overview and Nursing Care

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Questions and Answers

What complication can arise from untreated gastritis?

Chronic fatigue

High blood pressure

Stomach cancer (correct)

Diabetes

Which vitamin deficiency can be reversed with B12 injections if caused by gastritis?

Vitamin B12 (correct)

Folic acid

Vitamin D

Vitamin A

What is a significant risk factor for developing gastritis?

Regular exercise

H.pylori infection (correct)

High-fiber diet

Low cholesterol intake

Which lifestyle change can help prevent gastritis?

Reducing stress Signup and view all the answers

The presence of H.pylori can lead to which of the following conditions?

Peptic ulcers Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential effect of severe gastritis on the stomach wall?

Perforation of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What should individuals avoid to lessen the impact of gastritis?

Fried and spicy foods Signup and view all the answers

What condition can result from gastritis leading to perforation of the stomach?

Sepsis Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is commonly associated with eosinophilic gastritis?

Asthma Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of gastritis that may be confused with indigestion?

Upper abdominal pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a diagnostic method for identifying H.pylori infection?

Blood test Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication is used to alleviate indigestion symptoms in gastritis treatment?

Antacids Signup and view all the answers

What does the breath test for H.pylori involve?

Exhaling into a balloon-like bag after swallowing urea Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT generally associated with gastritis?

Joint pain Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment option is specifically targeted at reducing stomach acid production?

Histamine (H2) blockers Signup and view all the answers

What is an indicator of a more severe gastritis case requiring immediate attention?

Shortness of breath Signup and view all the answers

What is gastritis primarily characterized by?

Inflammation of the lining of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a common cause of gastritis?

Increased physical activity Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates acute gastritis from chronic gastritis?

Acute gastritis occurs suddenly, while chronic gastritis develops slowly Signup and view all the answers

What complication can arise as a result of untreated gastritis?

Stomach ulcers Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor is linked to the worsening of gastritis symptoms?

High salt consumption Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the first steps in managing a patient with gastritis?

Elimination of triggering factors Signup and view all the answers

What essential action should be taken to prevent gastritis?

Avoiding high-fat food Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gastritis is most commonly associated with bacterial infection?

Infectious gastritis Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes chronic gastritis in terms of cellular accumulation?

Accumulation of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the lamina propria Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of chronic gastritis?

Chronic bacterial infection by Helicobacter pylori Signup and view all the answers

What effect does Helicobacter pylori infection have on gastric epithelium over time?

Results in metaplasia or atrophy of gastric epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical treatment options for eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection?

Combination of three antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

What can chronic Helicobacter gastritis potentially predispose a person to develop?

Adenocarcinoma in metaplastic gastric mucosa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of chronic gastritis based on its cause?

Alimentary gastritis Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of autoimmune gastritis?

Destruction of parietal cells leading to atrophy Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gastritis is primarily caused by chemical irritants?

Chemical gastritis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods is recommended for a diet aimed at helping relieve symptoms associated with H.pylori?

Lean meats like chicken and fish Signup and view all the answers

Which food is noted for having antimicrobial properties effective against H.pylori bacteria?

Garlic Signup and view all the answers

When is it important to administer pain medications or antiemetics to a patient?

Right before meals if pain or nausea affects appetite Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recommended as part of a bland diet for a patient recovering from gastric issues?

Fried chicken Signup and view all the answers

What is the advised approach if a patient is experiencing vomiting?

Give antiemetics and administer IV fluids as ordered Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options should NOT be included in nursing management for a patient with H.pylori infection?

Provide high doses of caffeine-rich beverages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods is beneficial in aiding healing of ulcers and blocking the growth of H.pylori bacteria?

Turmeric Signup and view all the answers

What dietary strategy is recommended for patients who can tolerate oral feedings?

Provide a bland diet per their food preferences Signup and view all the answers

What is the nursing diagnosis related to inadequate nutrient absorption?

Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements r/t insufficient absorption of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following food items should be discouraged for a patient with gastritis?

Citrus fruits Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do if a patient with gastritis is experiencing vomiting?

Place the patient NPO Signup and view all the answers

How often should the nurse assess the patient's pain level?

Every four hours Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is important to control acute pain in a patient with gastritis?

Assessing pain characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is a key expected outcome for a patient with imbalanced nutrition due to gastritis?

The patient can absorb an adequate amount of nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which medication may worsen gastritis and should be assessed in a patient?

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Signup and view all the answers

What approach should be taken for meal planning for a patient with gastritis?

Advise frequent small meals to reduce irritation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Learning Objectives for Gastritis

Students will be able to define gastritis
List causes and risk factors of gastritis
Differentiate between types of gastritis
Describe the pathophysiology of acute and chronic gastritis
Enumerate types of chronic gastritis based on cause
List manifestations of gastritis
Explain the diagnosis of gastritis
Explain treatment options for gastritis
Describe complications of gastritis
Discuss gastritis prevention
List nursing management options for gastritis
Apply nursing care plans for patients with gastritis

Gastritis Introduction

Gastritis is a general term for stomach lining inflammation
Often due to bacterial infection or certain pain relievers
Can be acute (sudden) or chronic (slow onset)
In most cases, gastritis is treatable and resolves quickly

Causes and Risk Factors of Gastritis

Bacterial Infection (H. pylori): A common worldwide infection, but not all infected individuals develop gastritis or similar conditions
Lifestyle Choices: Smoking, high-fat/salt diet
Regular Pain Reliever Use (NSAIDs): Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, etc.) can cause acute or chronic gastritis
Age: Older adults are at higher risk due to thinning stomach lining and increased risk of H. pylori infection
Excessive Alcohol Use: Irritation of the stomach lining
Stress: Severe stress (surgery, injury, burns, severe infections) can cause acute gastritis
Cancer Treatment: Chemotherapy and radiation can increase risk
Other Diseases: HIV/AIDS, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, sarcoidosis, parasitic infections

Gastritis Types

Erosive Gastritis (Acute): Stomach lining wears away, leading to ulcers. Usually serious and often associated with GI bleeding
Non-erosive Gastritis (Chronic): Stomach lining does not wear away, but can degenerate or atrophy; sometimes asymptomatic

Pathophysiology

Acute Gastritis: Prostaglandin synthesis decrease is thought to be the cause of gastric lining injury. H.pylori infection is a major cause of chronic inflammation leading to injury
Chronic Gastritis: Accumulation of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the lamina propria. Damage to epithelial cells often caused by bacterial infection

Types of Chronic Gastritis

Autoimmune Gastritis (pernicious anemia & cancer): Parietal cells are destroyed, leading to loss of stomach acid production.
Infectious Gastritis (H. pylori): Most common type, linked to stomach ulcers and cancer
Chemical Gastritis: Caused by irritants like NSAIDs, alcohol, or bile

Manifestations of Gastritis

Upper abdominal pain or discomfort
Nausea and vomiting
Loss of appetite
Weight loss
Bloating
Feeling overly full
Indigestion
Heartburn,
Stomach ulcers
Vomiting blood
Black, tarry stool
Shortness of breath or lightheadedness

Diagnosis

Breath Test: Detects H. pylori infection
Blood Test: Checks for anemia and antibodies to H. pylori
Stool Test: Checks for bleeding or H. pylori bacteria
Upper Endoscopy: Visual examination of the stomach lining
Upper GI Exam: Examining the stomach lining using barium

Treatment Options

Antibiotics: Treat bacterial infections
Antacids: Reduce stomach acid exposure
Histamine (H2) Blockers: Decrease stomach acid production (e.g., Cimetidine, Ranitidine)
Proton Pump Inhibitors: Further reduce stomach acid production (e.g., Omeprazole, Esomeprazole)
Iron Supplements: Treat potential anemia
B12 injections: Treat B12 deficiency

Complications of Untreated Gastritis

Peptic ulcers
Stomach bleeding

Prevention

Practice good hygiene: Prevent infection
Eat smaller meals: Lessen stomach acid impact
Avoid fatty/spicy/acidic foods: Lower irritation
Avoid alcohol: Reduce mucosal lining irritation
Manage stress: Lower stress
Avoid/minimize NSAIDs: If painkiller use is a factor

Nursing Management

Monitor vital signs, especially BP, HR, and urine output
Administer medications as prescribed
Assess for dehydration
Monitor fluid and electrolyte balance
Provide appropriate nutritional support
Educate about medication and lifestyle changes
Monitor pain level and provide pain relief measures
Teach self-care management and disease management strategies
Refer to other specialists for further management as necessary

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Description

This quiz explores the essential aspects of gastritis, including its definition, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Students will learn to differentiate between types of gastritis and apply nursing care plans specifically for gastritis management. Essential for nursing and healthcare professionals.