Questions and Answers
What triggers substantial release of gastrin and activates stretch receptors in the stomach?
Physical presence of the meal
What is the key mechanism for terminating gastric secretion after the meal moves into the small intestine?
Release of somatostatin
What do the pancreatic juice enzymes aid in?
Major importance in digestion
What is the primary stimulus for the secretion of gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone stimulates insulin secretion when administered at blood levels comparable to those produced by oral glucose?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is somatostatin primarily secreted from?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary stimulus for the secretion of somatostatin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most important action of cholecystokinin (CCK)?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is cholecystokinin (CCK) secreted from?
Signup and view all the answers
What effect does increased secretion of the hormone have on acid secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary control for salivary secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of saliva in aiding speech?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is saliva important in keeping the mouth and teeth clean?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most significant phase of gastric secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What role does the sympathetic nervous system play in salivary secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relative proportion of proteinaceous and mucinous components in saliva determined by?
Signup and view all the answers
What triggers the release of food from the stomach into the duodenum?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens during the cephalic phase of gastric secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of bile acids in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What is responsible for the golden yellow color of bile?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the enterohepatic circulation related to?
Signup and view all the answers
How are bile acids synthesized?
Signup and view all the answers
What triggers endocrine regulation of gastrointestinal function?
Signup and view all the answers
Which component of bile aids in alkaline electrolyte balance?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the average daily secretion of bile in milliliters (mL)?
Signup and view all the answers
What represents the only route by which the body can dispose of cholesterol?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the principal physiologic action of gastrin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary determinant of gastrin secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of acid in the antrum on gastrin secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the principal actions of somatostatin in relation to gastrin secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are G cells, responsible for producing gastrin, located?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary physiological function of paracrine mediators that are not stable enough to persist in the bloodstream?
Signup and view all the answers
What comprises both sensory and secretomotor neurons in the intestinal system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of motilin?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone is the only one to stimulate insulin secretion when administered at blood levels comparable to those produced by oral glucose?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary physiological function of somatostatin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary stimulus for salivary secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main purpose of saliva in aiding speech?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the sympathetic branch influence salivary secretion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of ghrelin in the gastrointestinal system?
Signup and view all the answers
In the enteric nervous system, where is the submucous plexus located?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the myenteric plexus in the enteric nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
How does substance P affect gastrointestinal function?
Signup and view all the answers