18 Questions
What stimulates the activation of parietal cells in the stomach?
Distension of the stomach
Which hormone stimulates the parietal cells to release more acid in the stomach?
Gastrin
What is the main function of chief cells in the stomach?
Produce pepsinogen
What triggers the release of gastrin from G cells in the stomach?
Presence of chemoreceptors
Which enzyme is responsible for carbohydrate digestion in the stomach?
Amylase
In which phase is the pancreatic response similar to the cephalic phase?
Gastric Phase
Which phase of gastric acid secretion is initiated before food enters the stomach?
Cephalic phase
In which region of the small intestine do bile acids emulsify fats to aid digestion?
Duodenum
Where are bile acids actively absorbed after aiding fat digestion?
Ileum
What is the process called where bile acids are absorbed and returned to the liver?
Enterohepatic circulation
Which hormone regulates gastric acid secretion when food enters the stomach?
Gastrin
What type of receptors in the intestinal mucosa initiate the intestinal phase of gastric secretion?
Both mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors
What is the primary function of acetylcholine (ACh) released by the vagus nerve during the cephalic phase?
To stimulate the release of gastric acid from parietal cells
Which hormone plays a key role in stimulating gastric acid secretion during the cephalic phase?
Gastrin
Which receptor does gastrin bind to on pancreatic acinar cells during the cephalic phase?
CCK-1 (CCK-alpha) receptor
Which pathway is responsible for stimulating pancreatic secretion during the cephalic phase?
Both long vagovagal reflex and endocrine pathway
What is the maximum percentage of the total gastric secretion response that can be produced during the cephalic phase?
30%
Which statement is true regarding the cephalic phase of gastric secretion?
It is under both long/vagovagal reflex control and endocrine (local) control
Learn about the pathway of gastric secretion during the cephalic phase, starting from the activation of vagus nerve efferent neurons to the release of acetylcholine and gastrin, ultimately leading to an increase in HCl production. Understand the role of different cells and molecules involved in this complex process.
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