Gas Pressure and Partial Pressures Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for the law of partial pressures?

  • PT = P1 / P2 / P3 / PN
  • PT = P1 - P2 - P3 - PN
  • PT = P1 * P2 * P3 * PN
  • PT = P1 + P2 + P3 + PN (correct)

    • Why is understanding how pressure affects any gas vital?

  • To understand the smell of the gas
  • To predict the behavior of the gas (correct)
  • To calculate the weight of the gas
  • To determine the color of the gas

    • What is vapor pressure?

  • Pressure associated with a liquid that has become a solid
  • Pressure associated with a solid that has become a liquid
  • Pressure associated with a liquid that has become a gas (correct)
  • Pressure associated with a gas that has become a liquid

    • What is the role of moles in the context of partial pressures?

    <p>To compare different gases using a common unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who determined the law of partial pressures?

    <p>John Dalton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does PT stand for in the law of partial pressures formula?

    <p>Pressure Total</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Charles' Law, what happens to the volume of a gas at constant pressure as its absolute temperature increases?

    <p>The volume increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the temperature scale used in Charles' Law calculations?

    <p>It affects the motion of gas molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does changing the size of a container filled with an ideal gas affect the pressure, according to the text?

    <p>Decreases pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mathematical relationship is described by Boyle's Law?

    <p>$P imes V = k$ (constant)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas law helps in determining the thermodynamic characteristics of gases?

    <p>Charles' Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Charles' Law, what happens to the volume of a gas if its temperature is decreased at constant pressure?

    <p>The volume decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which real-life application is NOT mentioned as an example of Charles' Law in action?

    <p>Expansion of a metal rod when heated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the value of absolute zero represent in terms of gas behavior?

    <p>Temperature at which all molecular motion ceases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature, in Kelvin, does absolute zero occur according to the text?

    <p>$273$ Kelvin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law is derived by combining Charles' Law with Boyle's Law?

    <p>Ideal Gas Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ideal gas law relate?

    <p>Pressure, volume, temperature, and concentration of a gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the peak of the Boltzmann distribution curve appear at a lower velocity in a system with more massive particles?

    <p>More massive particles require more kinetic energy to move at high velocities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does effusion describe?

    <p>Gas molecules escaping through a small opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Graham's law state about the rate of effusion?

    <p>It is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of a gaseous chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Avogadro's law, what does equal volumes of gases contain?

    <p>Same number of molecules when at the same temperature and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Avogadro's number?

    <p>$6.02 \times 10^{23}$ particles in a mole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Boyle's law describe?

    <p>Inversely proportional relationship between pressure and volume of an ideal gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the rate of effusion and the square root of the molecular weight of a gas, according to Graham's law?

    <p>Inversely proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does temperature affect the Boltzmann distribution curve?

    <p>Decreases the height of the peak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist(s) independently arrived at an equation to describe the velocity distribution of particles in a gas?

    <p>Both Maxwell and Boltzmann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mass in the Boltzmann distribution?

    <p>Shifts the peak to a higher velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is used to determine an unknown effusion rate if one effusion rate is known?

    <p>$\sqrt{\frac{M_B}{M_A}}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Avogadro's law state about equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure?

    <p>They contain the same number of molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Boyle's law describe about the relationship between pressure and volume of an ideal gas?

    <p>Inversely proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is molar volume?

    <p>$22.4 , \text{L/mol}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what conditions does Boyle's law hold true for an ideal gas?

    <p>$\text{STP}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does effusion differ from diffusion?

    <p>Diffusion is independent of mass while effusion depends on molecular weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What statement accurately describes Graham's law regarding effusion rates?

    <p>Effusion rate is inversely proportional to molecular weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Charles' Law state about the volume of a given mass of gas at constant pressure?

    <p>It varies directly with absolute temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does changing the size of a container filled with an ideal gas affect the pressure, according to the text?

    <p>Decreases pressure due to less frequent collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of gases, what does Boyle's Law describe?

    <p>The relationship between volume and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of absolute zero in the context of gases?

    <p>It represents the point where gas molecules cease to move</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following real-life applications is NOT mentioned as an example of Charles' Law in action?

    <p>Cooling effect observed in a refrigerator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does absolute zero occur in the Celsius scale?

    <p>-273 degrees Celsius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do volume and temperature of a gas relate according to Charles' Law?

    <p>They vary directly with each other at constant pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mathematical formula relates the initial and final volumes and temperatures of a gas at constant pressure using Charles' Law?

    <p>$V_1T_1 = V_2T_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'At constant pressure, what happens to the ratios of volume to temperature of a gas?' Which answer below best describes this statement?

    <p>'The ratios remain constant.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal gas equation derived from combining Charles' Law with Boyle's Law?

    <p>$PV = nRT$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Charles' Law, how does the volume of a gas change if its temperature is increased at constant pressure?

    <p>Volume increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure when larger containers are used for gases according to the text?

    <p>Pressure decreases due to less frequent collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concept discussed in the text?

    <p>Behavior of gas mixtures under pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the law of partial pressures help determine?

    <p>Both total and partial pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding moles in the context of partial pressures?

    <p>Comparing the number of moles of different gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of knowing the vapor pressure in relation to gases bubbled through water?

    <p>To determine the total pressure of the gas mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist was responsible for determining how atoms behave and establishing the law of partial pressures?

    <p>John Dalton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are partial pressures defined in a gas mixture?

    <p>As individual pressures exerted by each gas component if they were alone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the mole ratio compare in terms of gases?

    <p>The number of moles of one gas to another or to the total moles in a mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is considered while determining molar ratios in a gas mixture?

    <p>Number of molecules present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does understanding vapor pressure contribute to when analyzing gas behavior?

    <p>Aiding in calculating total pressure when gases are bubbled through liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

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