Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which gas contributes the most to the partial pressure in the air we breathe?
Which gas contributes the most to the partial pressure in the air we breathe?
What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the air we breathe?
What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the air we breathe?
Which law states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas?
Which law states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas?
Which law states that the partial pressure of a gas dissolved in a liquid will be the same as the partial pressure of gas in contact with the liquid at equilibrium?
Which law states that the partial pressure of a gas dissolved in a liquid will be the same as the partial pressure of gas in contact with the liquid at equilibrium?
Signup and view all the answers
Which law states that volume of diffused gas is depending on diffusion gradient, surface area, membrane thickness and diffusion coefficient?
Which law states that volume of diffused gas is depending on diffusion gradient, surface area, membrane thickness and diffusion coefficient?
Signup and view all the answers
Which law state that the gas diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the square root of its gram molecular weight?
Which law state that the gas diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the square root of its gram molecular weight?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas has greater solubility in water: carbon dioxide or oxygen?
Which gas has greater solubility in water: carbon dioxide or oxygen?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid when the partial pressure of the gas decreases?
What happens to the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid when the partial pressure of the gas decreases?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas has the highest percentage in atmospheric air?
Which gas has the highest percentage in atmospheric air?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas shows a significant decrease in concentration from atmospheric air to alveolar air?
Which gas shows a significant decrease in concentration from atmospheric air to alveolar air?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas shows an increase in concentration from humidified air in the trachea/bronchi to alveolar air?
Which gas shows an increase in concentration from humidified air in the trachea/bronchi to alveolar air?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas shows a decrease in concentration from alveolar air to expired air?
Which gas shows a decrease in concentration from alveolar air to expired air?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas shows the least variation in concentration throughout the airways and respiratory cycle?
Which gas shows the least variation in concentration throughout the airways and respiratory cycle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition will cause a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood?
Which condition will cause a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition will cause an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveoli?
Which condition will cause an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveoli?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition will compromise the efficiency of gaseous exchange in alveoli?
Which condition will compromise the efficiency of gaseous exchange in alveoli?
Signup and view all the answers
During normal respiration and resting conditions, what percentage of the volume of gas in the alveoli is replaced during inspiration?
During normal respiration and resting conditions, what percentage of the volume of gas in the alveoli is replaced during inspiration?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen in alveoli during hypoventilation? (PA= partial pressure in alveolus)
What happens to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen in alveoli during hypoventilation? (PA= partial pressure in alveolus)
Signup and view all the answers
Which structure is responsible for slowing down the diffusion of oxygen in lung fibrosis?
Which structure is responsible for slowing down the diffusion of oxygen in lung fibrosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas diffuses 20 times faster than oxygen in the alveoli?
Which gas diffuses 20 times faster than oxygen in the alveoli?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition can lead to a decrease in the gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli?
Which condition can lead to a decrease in the gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli?
Signup and view all the answers
In which step does oxygen (O2) diffusion get slowed down in lung fibrosis?
In which step does oxygen (O2) diffusion get slowed down in lung fibrosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which component is not part of the diffusion steps across the pulmonary blood gas barrier?
Which component is not part of the diffusion steps across the pulmonary blood gas barrier?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of surfactant in the gaseous exchange process in alveoli?
What is the role of surfactant in the gaseous exchange process in alveoli?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does dissolved gas enter after crossing the endothelial cells in the gaseous exchange process?
Where does dissolved gas enter after crossing the endothelial cells in the gaseous exchange process?
Signup and view all the answers
Which component does dissolved gas enter and bind with after crossing the plasma compartment?
Which component does dissolved gas enter and bind with after crossing the plasma compartment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor determines the volume of diffused gas according to Fick's Law of diffusion?
Which factor determines the volume of diffused gas according to Fick's Law of diffusion?
Signup and view all the answers
Which gas has a higher partial pressure difference in the alveoli and tissues area?
Which gas has a higher partial pressure difference in the alveoli and tissues area?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relative diffusion rate of oxygen (O2) compared to carbon dioxide (CO2) in a gaseous medium?
What is the relative diffusion rate of oxygen (O2) compared to carbon dioxide (CO2) in a gaseous medium?
Signup and view all the answers
Approximately how many times more soluble is CO2 than O2 in water?
Approximately how many times more soluble is CO2 than O2 in water?
Signup and view all the answers
Select the correct statement on partial pressure:
Select the correct statement on partial pressure:
Signup and view all the answers
Select the correct statement on gas composition:
Select the correct statement on gas composition:
Signup and view all the answers
The gas composition is relatively constant in alveolar air. Select the best explanation for this observation:
The gas composition is relatively constant in alveolar air. Select the best explanation for this observation:
Signup and view all the answers
Select the correct path for the main gaseous exchange process of oxygen in alveoli:
Select the correct path for the main gaseous exchange process of oxygen in alveoli:
Signup and view all the answers
Select the correct statement on gaseous exchange in alveoli.
Select the correct statement on gaseous exchange in alveoli.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Gas Composition and Partial Pressure
- Nitrogen contributes the most to the partial pressure in the air we breathe.
- The partial pressure of oxygen in the air we breathe is approximately 160 mmHg.
- Dalton's Law states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas.
Gas Solubility and Diffusion
- Henry's Law states that the partial pressure of a gas dissolved in a liquid will be the same as the partial pressure of gas in contact with the liquid at equilibrium.
- Fick's Law states that the volume of diffused gas is dependent on the diffusion gradient, surface area, membrane thickness, and diffusion coefficient.
- Graham's Law states that the gas diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the square root of its gram molecular weight.
- Carbon dioxide has a greater solubility in water than oxygen.
- When the partial pressure of the gas decreases, the amount of dissolved gas in a liquid also decreases.
Gas Exchange in the Respiratory System
- Nitrogen has the highest percentage in atmospheric air.
- Oxygen shows a significant decrease in concentration from atmospheric air to alveolar air.
- Carbon dioxide shows an increase in concentration from humidified air in the trachea/bronchi to alveolar air.
- Carbon dioxide shows a decrease in concentration from alveolar air to expired air.
- Nitrogen shows the least variation in concentration throughout the airways and respiratory cycle.
- Conditions that cause a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood include high altitude, anemia, and lung disease.
- Conditions that cause an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveoli include hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis.
- Conditions that compromise the efficiency of gaseous exchange in alveoli include lung fibrosis, pneumonia, and emphysema.
Alveolar Gas Exchange
- During normal respiration and resting conditions, approximately 10% of the volume of gas in the alveoli is replaced during inspiration.
- During hypoventilation, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveoli increases, and the partial pressure of oxygen in alveoli decreases.
Diffusion of Gases
- In lung fibrosis, the structure responsible for slowing down the diffusion of oxygen is the thickened alveolar-capillary membrane.
- Carbon dioxide diffuses 20 times faster than oxygen in the alveoli.
- Conditions that can lead to a decrease in the gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli include lung fibrosis, pneumonia, and emphysema.
- In lung fibrosis, oxygen diffusion gets slowed down in the step of diffusion across the alveolar-capillary membrane.
- The component that is not part of the diffusion steps across the pulmonary blood gas barrier is the plasma compartment.
- Surfactant plays a role in the gaseous exchange process in alveoli by reducing the surface tension of water and increasing the surface area for gas exchange.
- Dissolved gas enters the blood plasma after crossing the endothelial cells in the gaseous exchange process.
- Dissolved gas enters and binds with hemoglobin after crossing the plasma compartment.
Gas Diffusion and Solubility
- The diffusion coefficient determines the volume of diffused gas according to Fick's Law of diffusion.
- Carbon dioxide has a higher partial pressure difference in the alveoli and tissues area.
- The relative diffusion rate of oxygen compared to carbon dioxide in a gaseous medium is 1:20.
- Carbon dioxide is approximately 20-25 times more soluble than oxygen in water.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your understanding of partial pressure with this quiz! Learn about Dalton's law and how different gases contribute to the total pressure in a mixture. Explore the composition of the air we breathe and discover the partial pressures of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases.
