CH 3- Sherpath WEEK 4
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Place in order the steps of the gas exchange process.

Neurons in the brain stimulate contraction of skeletal muscles that expand the chest cavity. Expansion of the chest cavity causes inhalation of oxygen-containing air into the airways and lungs. = 1,2 From the lung alveoli, oxygen diffuses into blood and red blood cells. The oxygen in red blood cells bound to hemoglobin is transported through the blood by cardiac effort to tissue cells. = 3,4 Carbon dioxide is transported to the lungs to diffuse into the alveoli for removal during exhalation. = 5 The high concentration of carbon dioxide waste resulting from cellular metabolism allows diffusion of this gas into the blood and red blood cells. = 6

Which condition would cause decreased ventilation due to bronchospasm?

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
  • Asthma (correct)
  • High cervical spinal cord injury
  • Age
  • Which laboratory test would be used to assess gas exchange?

  • Prothrombin time (PT)
  • Arterial blood gas (ABG) (correct)
  • Liver enzymes
  • Creatinine
  • Match the term with its definition.

    <p>Impaired blood flow = Ischemia Complete tissue death = Infarction Blood flow to distal tissues = Peripheral perfusion Blood flow to major body organs = Central perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor for decreased perfusion is nonmodifiable?

    <p>Family history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention would the nurse implement for a finding of sudden absent pedal pulses?

    <p>Call the rapid response team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells play a major role in the clotting process?

    <p>Platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor would increase clotting (hypercoagulability)? SATA

    <p>Atrial fibrillation (Afib)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is indicative of delirium?

    Select all that apply. One, some, or all may be correct.

    <p>Can be triggered by surgery, infection, or medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication increases the risk of impaired cognition, especially in older adults?

    <p>Opioids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention is the priority when caring for a patient with delirium?

    <p>Provide a safe environment for the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can contribute to both impaired gas exchange and increased clotting?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which description by the nurse demonstrates an understanding of dementia?

    <p>Not a normal physiologic change of aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor places the patient at higher risk both for increased clotting and decreased perfusion?

    <p>Smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom could indicate inadequate clotting?

    <p>Ecchymosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory test would the nurse expect to be ordered for a patient with a history of atrial fibrillation who is taking warfarin?

    <p>INR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom would indicate decreased peripheral perfusion?

    <p>Weak pedal pulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which teaching would be important for a patient with polycythemia?

    <p>Avoid prolonged sitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition would the nurse suspect when a 72-year-old patient presents to the local Emergency Department (ED) complaining of chest pain and shortness of breath with a heart rate (HR) of 144, blood pressure (BP) of 88/56, respiratory rate (RR) of 44, and pulse oximetry of 98%?

    <p>Inadequate central perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool would be used to assess impaired cognition?

    <p>Mini-Cog</p> Signup and view all the answers

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