Ch 4: Gametogenesis
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

  • Protection of nucleus
  • Penetration of egg's outer layers (correct)
  • Energy production
  • Storage of mitochondria

Which male hormone drives the process of spermatogenesis?

  • Progesterone
  • Estrogen
  • Prolactin
  • Testosterone (correct)

How many chromosomes are present in a haploid sperm cell?

  • 22
  • 44
  • 23 (correct)
  • 46

Where does spermatogenesis primarily take place in males?

<p>Seminiferous tubules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tail in a sperm cell?

<p>Enable swimming motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the counterpart of oogenesis in females?

<p>Spermatogenesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates the cyclical events of oogenesis every 28 days?

<p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many haploid cells are produced through the meiotic process in oogenesis?

<p>Four (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of follicle cells in the structure of an ovum?

<p>Offering support and protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many autosomes does a haploid nucleus in an ovum typically contain?

<p>22 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main driving force behind the process of spermatogenesis?

<p>Testosterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT found in the head of a sperm cell?

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

<p>Facilitating fertilization by penetrating the egg's outer layers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During meiosis, how many chromosomes are present in a diploid germinal epithelial cell undergoing division for spermatogenesis?

<p>46 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a sperm cell houses the majority of mitochondria?

<p>Middle portion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What chromosome composition can a sperm cell carry after completing spermatogenesis?

<p>Both X and Y chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the process of spermatogenesis primarily occur within the male reproductive system?

<p>Seminiferous tubules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates the enlargement of one cell within a follicle during oogenesis?

<p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of follicle cells in oogenesis?

<p>Offering support and protection to the egg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many haploid cells typically survive to become mature ova during oogenesis?

<p>One (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is found surrounding the egg in the structure of an ovum?

<p>Jelly layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During oogenesis, what is the ploidy of the nucleus in the mature ovum?

<p>Haploid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In oogenesis, what happens to the three haploid cells that degenerate?

<p>They form polar bodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in oogenesis results in the formation of haploid cells?

<p>Meiosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the cytoplasm in the structure of an ovum?

<p>Supplying essential nutrients for the developing egg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of testosterone in the process of spermatogenesis?

<p>Initiating the meiotic division of diploid germinal epithelial cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromosomal composition of a haploid sperm cell?

<p>23 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a sperm cell contains mitochondria for energy production?

<p>Middle portion (neck) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

<p>Facilitating the entry of sperm into the egg during fertilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in a sperm cell is responsible for propelling it forward?

<p>Tail (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes are present in a diploid germinal epithelial cell before undergoing meiosis for spermatogenesis?

<p>46 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the sex determination of offspring through spermatogenesis?

<p>The sex chromosome carried by the sperm cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the jelly layer surrounding the egg in the structure of an ovum?

<p>Offers protection to the egg during early development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of the nucleus in a diploid germinal epithelial cell undergoing mitosis during oogenesis?

<p>Diploid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for regulating the events of oogenesis every 28 days?

<p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the three degenerate haploid cells during oogenesis?

<p>Undergo apoptosis and are absorbed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the structure of an ovum?

<p>Flagellum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromosomal composition of a mature ovum's haploid nucleus?

<p>22 autosomes and one X chromosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During oogenesis, what is the role of the follicle cells surrounding the egg?

<p>Offer support and protection to the egg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytoplasm in the structure of an ovum?

<p>Provides essential nutrients for egg development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the jelly layer surrounding the egg in the structure of an ovum?

<p>Safeguarding the egg during early developmental stages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates the cyclical events of oogenesis every 28 days?

<p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the sex determination of offspring through oogenesis?

<p>The X chromosome in the ovum's nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of follicle cells in oogenesis?

<p>Supporting and protecting the egg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During oogenesis, what is the ploidy of the nucleus in a mature ovum?

<p>Haploid with 22 autosomes and one X chromosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytoplasm in the structure of an ovum?

<p>Supplying essential nutrients for egg development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the three haploid cells that degenerate during oogenesis?

<p>They undergo apoptosis and are eliminated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driver of the process of spermatogenesis?

<p>Testosterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a sperm cell primarily supplies the energy needed for its motility?

<p>Middle portion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sex chromosome composition of the nucleus within a mature sperm cell?

<p>XY (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a sperm cell contains enzymes essential for penetrating the egg's outer layers during fertilization?

<p>Acrosome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromosomal content of a diploid germinal epithelial cell before it undergoes meiosis during spermatogenesis?

<p>46 chromosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular process results in the generation of four haploid spermatids during spermatogenesis?

<p>Meiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the tail in a sperm cell?

<p>Energy production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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