Gallbladder and Biliary System: Anatomy and Physiology Terms Matching Exercise
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Questions and Answers

Match the following anatomy and physiology terms with their definitions:

ampulla of Vater = Small opening in the duodenum in which the pancreatic and common bile duct enter to release secretions bilirubin = Refers to common bile and hepatic ducts when cystic duct is not seen cholecystectomy = Surgery to remove the gallbladder common bile duct = Extends from the point where the common hepatic duct meets the cystic duct; drains into the duodenum after it joins with the main pancreatic duct

Match the following anatomy and physiology terms with their definitions:

common hepatic duct = Connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct cystic duct = Connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct gallbladder = Storage pouch for bile Hartmann’s pouch = Small part of the gallbladder that lies near the cystic duct where stones may collect

Match the following anatomy and physiology terms with their definitions:

Heister’s valve = Tiny valves found within the cystic duct hydrops = Massive enlargement of the gallbladder pancreatic duct = Travels horizontally through the pancreas to join the common bile duct at the ampulla of Vater phrygian cap = Central area of the liver where the portal vein, common duct, and hepatic artery enter

Match the following anatomy and physiology terms with their definitions:

<p>sphincter of Oddi = Small opening in the duodenum in which the pancreatic and common bile duct enter to release secretions porta hepatis = Central area of the liver where the portal vein, common duct, and hepatic artery enter common duct = Extends from the point where the common hepatic duct meets the cystic duct; drains into the duodenum after it joins with the main pancreatic duct pancreatic duct = Travels horizontally through the pancreas to join the common bile duct at the ampulla of Vater</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anatomy and physiology terms with their definitions:

<p>cystic duct = Connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct gallbladder = Storage pouch for bile Heister’s valve = Tiny valves found within the cystic duct common bile duct = Extends from the point where the common hepatic duct meets the cystic duct; drains into the duodenum after it joins with the main pancreatic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anatomy and physiology terms with their definitions:

<p>bilirubin = Refers to common bile and hepatic ducts when cystic duct is not seen cholecystectomy = Surgery to remove the gallbladder common hepatic duct = Connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct phrygian cap = Central area of the liver where the portal vein, common duct, and hepatic artery enter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sonographic evaluation and pathology terms with their definitions:

<p>adenomyomatosis = Small polypoid projections from the gallbladder wall cholangitis = Inflammation of the bile duct cholecystitis = Inflammation of the gallbladder; may be acute or chronic cholecystokinin = Hormone secreted into the blood by the mucosa of the upper small intestine; stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and pancreatic secretion of enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sonographic evaluation and pathology terms with their definitions:

<p>choledochal cyst = Cystic growth on the common duct that may cause obstruction choledocholithiasis = Stones in the bile duct cholelithiasis = Gallstones in the gallbladder cholesterolosis = Calcification of the gallbladder wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sonographic evaluation and pathology terms with their definitions:

<p>jaundice = Excessive bilirubin accumulation causes yellow pigmentation of the skin; first seen in the whites of the eyes junctional fold = Small septum within the gallbladder, usually arising from the posterior wall Klatskin’s tumor = Cancer at the bifurcation of the hepatic ducts; may cause asymmetrical obstruction of the biliary tree Murphy’s sign = Positive sign implies exquisite tenderness over the area of the gallbladder upon palpation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anatomy illustrations with their labels:

<p>Gallbladder and biliary system. = 2. Left hepatic duct Relationships within the porta hepatis. = 11. Common bile duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anatomy illustrations with their labels:

<p>Relationships within the porta hepatis. = 8. Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anatomy illustrations with their labels:

<p>Relationships within the porta hepatis. = 7. Duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the ampulla of Vater?

<p>To release secretions into the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Heister’s valve located?

<p>In the cystic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hydrops refer to in relation to the gallbladder?

<p>Massive enlargement of the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the sphincter of Oddi?

<p>To release secretions into the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Hartmann’s pouch located?

<p>In the cystic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the common hepatic duct?

<p>To connect the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the gallbladder as a reservoir?

<p>Storage of bile drained from the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which circular muscle fibers surround the end parts of the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct?

<p>Sphincter of Oddi</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal medium for excretion of bilirubin?

<p>Bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the liver to make more bile and activates intestinal and pancreatic enzymes?

<p>Cholecystokinin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the arterial blood to the gallbladder?

<p>Hepatic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variant of adenomyomatosis presents as cholesterol polyps?

<p>Cholesterolosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a positive sign implying exquisite tenderness over the area of the gallbladder upon palpation?

<p>Murphy's sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for cancer at the bifurcation of the hepatic ducts causing asymmetrical obstruction of the biliary tree?

<p>Klatskin’s tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes excessive bilirubin accumulation causing yellow pigmentation of the skin?

<p>Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for small polypoid projections from the gallbladder wall?

<p>Polyp</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gastrointestinal Anatomy and Physiology

  • The ampulla of Vater is responsible for transporting bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum.

Gastrointestinal Pathology

  • Hydrops refers to the distension of the gallbladder due to obstruction of the cystic duct.

Sphincters and Muscles

  • The sphincter of Oddi regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum.
  • Circular muscle fibers surround the end parts of the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct.

Hepatobiliary System

  • The common hepatic duct transports bile from the liver and gallbladder into the cystic duct.
  • The gallbladder acts as a reservoir, storing and concentrating bile produced by the liver.

Blood Supply and Nerve Stimulation

  • The cystic artery supplies the arterial blood to the gallbladder.
  • Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the liver to produce more bile and activates intestinal and pancreatic enzymes.

Pathological Conditions

  • Adenomyomatosis presents as cholesterol polyps, a variant of which is characterized by hyperplastic changes in the gallbladder wall.
  • Murphy's sign is a positive sign implying exquisite tenderness over the area of the gallbladder upon palpation.
  • Klatskin tumor is a type of cancer that occurs at the bifurcation of the hepatic ducts, causing asymmetrical obstruction of the biliary tree.
  • Jaundice is characterized by excessive bilirubin accumulation, causing yellow pigmentation of the skin.
  • Gallbladder polyps are small, polypoid projections from the gallbladder wall.

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Gallbladder and Biliary System PDF

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Test your knowledge of gallbladder and biliary system anatomy and physiology terms by matching them with their definitions in this exercise.

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