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Questions and Answers
Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction that converts glutamate into GABA?
Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction that converts glutamate into GABA?
- Glutamine synthetase
- GABA aminotransferase
- Glutamic acid decarboxylase (correct)
- GABAergic neurons
Where is GABA primarily stored?
Where is GABA primarily stored?
- Principle neurons
- Inhibitory interneurons
- Glial cells
- All of the above (correct)
Which transporters are responsible for removing GABA from the synaptic cleft?
Which transporters are responsible for removing GABA from the synaptic cleft?
- Glutamine synthetase
- GAT-1, GAT-2, and GAT-3 (correct)
- Glutamic acid decarboxylase
- Vesicular GABA transporters
What is the primary function of GABA in the brain?
What is the primary function of GABA in the brain?
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What vitamin derivative acts as a cofactor in GABA synthesis?
What vitamin derivative acts as a cofactor in GABA synthesis?
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Study Notes
GABA Synthesis and Function
- Glutamate is converted into GABA through the action of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD).
- GABA is primarily stored in synaptic vesicles located within GABAergic neurons.
- GABA removal from the synaptic cleft is facilitated by two types of transporters: GABA transporters (GATs) and the sodium-dependent transporters.
- The primary function of GABA in the brain is as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, helping to regulate neuronal excitability and maintain balance in neural circuits.
- Vitamin B6, specifically its derivative pyridoxal phosphate, acts as a cofactor in the synthesis of GABA from glutamate.
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