5 Questions
Explain the mechanism of action of G Protein–Linked Hormone Receptors and their role in intracellular signaling.
G Protein–Linked Hormone Receptors make coupling with G proteins and induce intracellular signals that can open or close cell membrane ion channels or change the activity of an enzyme in the cytoplasm of the cell when the ligand (hormone) binds to the receptor.
Describe the structure of G proteins and their function when activated by hormone binding to the receptor.
G proteins consist of three (trimeric) parts: the α, β, and γ subunits. When activated by the binding of the hormone to the receptor, G proteins induce intracellular signals that can open or close cell membrane ion channels or change the activity of an enzyme in the cytoplasm of the cell.
How do Enzyme-linked hormone receptors function, and where are their hormone-binding and enzyme-binding sites located?
Enzyme-linked hormone receptors function directly as enzymes or are closely associated with enzymes that they activate. Their hormone-binding site is located on the outside of the cell membrane, and their enzyme-binding site is located on the inside.
Provide an example of an enzyme-linked receptor and explain its function.
An example of an enzyme-linked receptor is the leptin receptor, which is an enzyme-linked receptor. When activated by the binding of leptin, an enzyme immediately inside the cell membrane is activated.
What conformational change occurs in the receptor when the hormone binds, and what is the subsequent effect on G proteins?
When the hormone binds to the extracellular part of the receptor, a conformational change occurs in the receptor that activates the G proteins, inducing intracellular signals that can open or close cell membrane ion channels or change the activity of an enzyme in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Test your knowledge of hormone receptors that couple with G proteins and their mechanism of action on cell membranes. Learn about the interaction between hormones and G protein–linked receptors.
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