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Hormone Receptors and Actions

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Questions and Answers

Where are the receptors for lipid-soluble hormones typically located?

Inside cells, typically in the nucleus (correct)

On the plasma membrane

On the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum

In the cytoplasm

What happens when a lipid-soluble hormone binds to its receptor?

The hormone is released from the receptor

The receptor is degraded by enzymes

The hormone-receptor complex binds to DNA and acts as a transcription factor (correct)

The receptor changes its shape to block hormone binding

What is the result of stimulated mRNA synthesis in response to lipid-soluble hormone signaling?

The breakdown of DNA

The inhibition of gene expression

The degradation of existing proteins

The synthesis of new proteins (correct)

How do thyroid hormones circulate in the blood?

Attached to plasma protein carriers Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence the concentration of hormones in the blood?

The rate of release, degradation by enzymes, and excretion by the kidneys and liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of growth hormone on glucose utilization in the body?

decreased glucose utilization Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of somatomedins or insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in relation to growth hormone?

to mediate the effects of growth hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of growth hormone hypersecretion in children?

it results in gigantism Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of growth hormone hypersecretion in adults?

it results in acromegaly Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of growth hormone deficiency in children?

it results in pituitary dwarfism Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in the hypothalamus?

to stimulate growth hormone secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of growth hormone inhibitory hormone (GHIH) on growth hormone secretion?

it inhibits growth hormone secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of somatostatin in the regulation of growth hormone secretion?

it inhibits growth hormone secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of growth hormone on protein synthesis in most cells of the body?

it increases protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

How is growth hormone secretion regulated in the body?

through a pulsatile pattern Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the hypothalamus in regulating growth hormone secretion?

it regulates growth hormone secretion through GHRH and GHIH Signup and view all the answers