Fungi Interactions and Relationships
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Questions and Answers

Which type of organisms live on dead or decaying matter?

  • Parasites
  • Symbionts
  • Commensals
  • Saprobes (correct)

    • In which type of relationship does one organism benefit while the other is neither benefited nor harmed?

  • Symbionts
  • Commensals (correct)
  • Parasites
  • Saprobes

    • What do we call organisms that live on or within a host from which they derive benefits without making any useful contribution in return?

  • Saprobes
  • Parasites (correct)
  • Commensals
  • Symbionts

    • Which term is used for individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

    <p>Immunocompromised patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the colonies formed by molds often described as?

    <p>Filamentous, hairy, or woolly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between yeasts and molds?

    <p>Presence of vegetative hyphae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for the production of ascospores in sexual reproduction of Ascomycetes?

    <p>Ascus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pathogens are commonly associated with Eurotiomycetes?

    <p>Dimorphic systemic pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class includes fungi that have a separate filamentous form, but some are typical yeasts?

    <p>Basidiomycota</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used for direct detection of fungal nucleic acid amplification?

    <p>Molecular Methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the range of activity of an antifungal agent against fungi?

    <p>Antifungal spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the level of antifungal activity that inhibits the growth of an organism?

    <p>Fungistatic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of a broad-spectrum antifungal agent?

    <p>Inhibition of a wide variety of fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Enhance efficacy in the treatment of a refractory fungal infection' is a purpose of which antifungal agent combination?

    <p>Antifungal synergism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Combinations of antifungal agents in which the activity of one of the agents interferes with the activity of the other agent' is known as what?

    <p>Antifungal antagonism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class does Cryptococcus belong to?

    <p>Basidiomycota</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used for direct microscopy to diagnose fungal diseases?

    <p>Direct immunofluorescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Pneumocystis carinii and Schizosaccharomyces pombe classified under?

    <p>Ascomycota</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of sleep do vivid dreams and increased brain activity occur?

    <p>REM sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of brain waves correspond to different states of consciousness and arousal?

    <p>Alpha waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurological disorder is characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal neuronal activity in the brain?

    <p>Epilepsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, characterized by?

    <p>Impaired perception of reality and altered thought processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is involved in mediating signals between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Acetylcholine (ACh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do parasympathetic preganglionic neurons originate from?

    <p>Sacral spinal cord (S2-S4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main neurotransmitter released by chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Epinephrine (adrenaline)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the adrenal medulla located?

    <p>Atop the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brainstem nuclei are involved in coordinating gaze shifts, smooth pursuit movements, and vestibulo-ocular reflexes?

    <p>Superior colliculus and oculomotor nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the motor control system regulates fine motor control, motor planning, and execution?

    <p>Cerebral cortex and brainstem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is involved in coordinating voluntary movements, balance, posture, and motor learning?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to impairments in voluntary movement, posture, balance, and reflexive motor responses?

    <p>Dysfunction in cerebral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

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