Fungal Infections in Pharmacy

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What is the primary mechanism of action of butenafine, naftifine, and terbinafine?

Disruption of the fungal mitotic spindle
Inhibition of fungal cell wall synthesis
Disruption of the fungal cell membrane
Inhibition of squalene epoxidase (correct)

Which of the following is the drug of choice for treating dermatophyte onychomycosis (fungal nail infections)?

Amphotericin B
Terbinafine (correct)
Itraconazole
Griseofulvin

Which of the following is true regarding the use of topical antifungals for tinea capitis (scalp infection)?

Topical antifungals can be used in combination with oral antifungals for tinea capitis
Topical antifungals are ineffective for tinea capitis, oral antifungals are needed (correct)
Topical antifungals are as effective as oral antifungals for tinea capitis
Topical antifungals are the preferred treatment for tinea capitis

Which of the following adverse effects is commonly associated with terbinafine?

Gastrointestinal distress (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the absorption of griseofulvin from the gastrointestinal tract differ from other oral antifungal medications?

Griseofulvin absorption is enhanced by high-fat meals (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of griseofulvin as an antifungal agent?

Disruption of the fungal mitotic spindle (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of echinocandins like caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin?

Inhibiting fungal cell wall synthesis by blocking (1,3)-D-glucan (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about fluconazole is correct?

It has the least effect on the CYP450 enzyme system. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect associated with echinocandins like caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin?

Phlebitis at the infusion site (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antifungal agents acts as antimetabolites?

Squalene epoxidase inhibitors (B) Signup and view all the answers

Amphotericin B is a member of which class of antifungal agents?

Polyene antifungals (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of amphotericin B?

It binds to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane and forms pores, leading to cell death. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is amphotericin B typically administered?

Intravenously as a lipid formulation, as it is insoluble in water. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of amphotericin B?

Renal damage (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of flucytosine?

It is converted to 5-fluorouracil, which inhibits thymidylate synthase and DNA synthesis. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about flucytosine is true?

It is often used in combination with other antifungal drugs due to its narrow spectrum. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of azole antifungals?

They inhibit the 14-demethylase enzyme, blocking ergosterol biosynthesis in fungi. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect associated with azole antifungals?

Gastrointestinal upset (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the pharmacokinetics of amphotericin B is true?

Inflammation favors its penetration into various body fluids, except CSF. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about azole antifungals is true?

They have a high incidence of drug interactions due to their inhibition of the CYP3A4 enzyme. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about amphotericin B is false?

It is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. (D) Signup and view all the answers