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Fundamentals of Food Science and Nutrition: Human Body Organization and Digestion
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Fundamentals of Food Science and Nutrition: Human Body Organization and Digestion

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the digestive system?

  • Respiratory functions
  • Storage abilities
  • Excretory functions
  • Digestion and absorption (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT part of the digestive system?

  • Pancreas
  • Gallbladder
  • Stomach
  • Liver (correct)
  • What is the main role of the lymphatic system?

  • Storage abilities
  • Part of the immune system (correct)
  • Circulatory functions
  • Excretory functions
  • Which layer of tissue lines the lumen of the GI tract and is responsible for absorption?

    <p>Mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the end products of digestion absorbed by?

    <p>Mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the contraction of smooth muscles in the GI tract do?

    <p>Mixes food, breaks it into smaller particles, and propels it through the digestive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for protecting the GI tract?

    <p>Serosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is NOT a part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not absorbed and passes through GIT & excreted in feces?

    <p>Protein &amp; fibre.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ systems contribute to circulatory functions in the body?

    <p>Cardiovascular + lymphatic organ systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary theme of human nutrition?

    <p>Understanding the metabolism of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue is responsible for connecting and supporting other tissues in the body?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 4 primary types of tissue in the human body?

    <p>Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do all cells need to function properly?

    <p>Oxygen, water, building materials, and chemical regulators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest functional unit of the human body?

    <p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the continuous supply of energy required by cellular processes and chemical reactions in the form of?

    <p>Dietary carbohydrates, protein &amp; fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diseases are characterized by a slow onset and long duration?

    <p>Non-communicable diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of acute diseases according to the text?

    <p>Specific infectious agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the World Health Organization, what do people's health, growth, and development largely depend on?

    <p>Food choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of chronic diseases according to the text?

    <p>Diseases that have a prolonged course and rarely achieve complete cure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of nutrition, what is more likely to affect the risk for developing chronic diseases?

    <p>Long-term poor nutrition status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are NCDs as defined in the lecture outline?

    <p>Conditions not resulting from an acute infectious process and hence are non-communicable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) according to the text?

    <p>Non-contagious origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor refers to the biochemical processes involved in the body's normal functioning?

    <p>Metabolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk factor can be estimated by measuring waist circumference?

    <p>Excess body fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition occurs more frequently in obese individuals?

    <p>Respiratory problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated sodium intake equivalent to 6-gram sodium chloride (1 teaspoon salt)?

    <p>2300 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as having blood lipid levels that are too high?

    <p>Dyslipidemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor is a behavioral risk factor that can be reduced or controlled by intervention?

    <p>Physical inactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification for BMI (Body Mass Index) indicating overweight and obesity?

    <p>&gt;25 kg/m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, an environmental exposure, or a hereditary characteristic that is associated with an increase in the occurrence of a particular disease, injury, or other health condition." This definition refers to:

    <p>&quot;Risk factor&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Complex etiology (causes), multiple risk factors, and long latency period" are characteristics of:

    <p>&quot;Non-communicable diseases&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

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