Questions and Answers
Where does nutrition play the most important role?
What are elements that are found in food and necessary for good health but that the body cannot make?
How many kcal/g does 3 g of fish oil produce?
What has replaced the USDA's Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)?
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What occurs when protein, mineral, iron, and fat combine?
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What is the recommended daily sugar consumption level?
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What is the body's storage form of carbohydrates, usually found in the liver?
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What is the term for stored fat that insulates the body and protects organs?
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What is the rationale for avoiding saturated fats?
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What substance is necessary for the emulsification of fat?
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What are proteins that must be obtained through the diet called?
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What supplement should a vegan patient take to avoid a deficiency?
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What is the risk for a fit woman at zero nitrogen balance who becomes pregnant?
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What should the nurse assess for in a patient taking several vitamin preparations showing signs of toxicity?
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What is the cause of potential clotting disorders in a patient with a pancreatic disorder?
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What should the nurse carefully assess a patient post-stomach surgery for?
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What deficiency might a patient taking a diuretic have if assessed with an erratic pulse and muscle weakness?
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What may sodium contribute to in a patient with hypertension?
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What foods should a breastfeeding woman eat for an increase in calories and protein?
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What foods with high iron content should be introduced around 4 to 6 months of age?
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What increased nutrient intake should a school nurse emphasize for adolescents?
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What are the energy-providing food groups? (Select all that apply)
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To simplify food values, the measurement of energy obtained by food is defined as the ________.
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_____________________ softens stools, speeds transit of foods through the digestive tract, and reduces pressure in the colon.
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What are the 6 classes of essential nutrients?
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What are the 3 major functions of nutrients?
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What are 3 of the 6 nutrients that provide energy?
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What nutrients are necessary for building and repairing tissue?
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Study Notes
Nutrition in Health Maintenance
- Nutrition is crucial for growth, functioning, and health maintenance.
- Essential nutrients are those that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet.
Energy from Foods
- Lean meat provides 12 kcal/g; fish oil yields 27 kcal/g, as fats supply 9 kcal/g.
- Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) have replaced the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).
Role of Nutrients
- Protein, minerals, iron, and fats are essential for building and repairing tissues.
- Sugar intake should not exceed 8% of total daily kilocalories for health maintenance.
- Glycogen is the body's storage form of carbohydrates, primarily stored in the liver and muscles.
- Adipose tissue serves as insulation and cushioning for organs.
Impact of Fats on Health
- Saturated fats are linked to increased blood cholesterol levels.
- Bile is required for the emulsification and digestion of fats.
Amino Acids & Dietary Needs
- There are 22 amino acids; 9 are essential and must be consumed in the diet.
- Vitamin B12 supplementation is advised for those following a vegan diet.
Pregnancy and Nutrition
- Pregnant women should aim for an anabolic state, requiring more nitrogen.
- Vitamin K deficiency can lead to clotting issues, especially if fat absorption is impaired.
Nutritional Assessment and Issues
- Diuretics can lead to potassium deficiency, indicated by muscle weakness and erratic pulse.
- Sodium contributes to hypertension; its intake should be managed.
Food Recommendations for Specific Needs
- Nuts are an excellent protein source for breastfeeding women.
- Fortified cereals are recommended for infants starting solid foods at 4-6 months for iron intake.
Adolescent Nutrition
- Adolescents often need increased dietary iron and calcium for growth and development.
Energy Providing Nutrients
- The three primary energy-providing food groups are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
- Kilocalories measure the energy obtained from foods.
Fiber and Digestive Health
- Insoluble fiber aids in stool softening, promotes digestive transit, and reduces colon pressure, helping prevent gastrointestinal disorders.
Classes of Essential Nutrients
- Six essential nutrient classes: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
Major Functions of Nutrients
- Nutrients provide energy, facilitate tissue building and repair, and regulate various bodily processes.
Nutrients for Tissue Building
- Protein is vital for tissue repair; calcium and phosphorus are crucial for bone structure; iron is necessary for hemoglobin in red blood cells; and fats are integral in cell membranes.
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Description
This quiz focuses on nutritional concepts and related therapies as highlighted in Chapter 19 of the Fundamentals course. Explore key aspects of nutrition, including its role in health maintenance and overall wellness. Test your knowledge and reinforce your understanding of how nutrition impacts patient care.
