Functions of the Stomach and Exocrine Gland Cells Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of gastric gland cell is responsible for secreting intrinsic factor?

Surface mucous cells
Mucous neck cells
Parietal cells (correct)
Chief (zymogenic) cells

What is the primary function of the pyloric sphincter?

To regulate the rate of gastric emptying (correct)
To propel the gastric contents into the small intestine
To mix the gastric contents with gastric juice
To prevent the backflow of material from the small intestine into the stomach

Which of the following is not a component of gastric juice?

Intrinsic factor
Pepsin
HCl
Amylase (correct)

What is the primary function of the waves of peristalsis that occur in the stomach?

To propel the gastric contents from the body of the stomach to the antrum (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gastric gland cell is responsible for secreting pepsinogen?

Chief (zymogenic) cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of gastrin, a hormone secreted by the stomach?

To stimulate the secretion of HCl by parietal cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the alternating propulsion and retropulsion movements of the stomach?

To mix the gastric contents with gastric juice (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What type of gastric gland cell secretes intrinsic factor?

Parietal cells are specialized cells in the gastric glands of the stomach responsible for secreting intrinsic factor, a protein essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine.

What is the main function of the pyloric sphincter?

The pyloric sphincter acts as a muscular valve that controls the flow of partially digested food (chyme) from the stomach into the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine), regulating the rate of gastric emptying.

Which is NOT a component of gastric juice?

Amylase is an enzyme primarily found in saliva and pancreatic juice, responsible for breaking down carbohydrates. It is not a component of gastric juice.

What is the primary function of peristaltic waves in the stomach?

Peristaltic waves, rhythmic muscular contractions, in the stomach propel the gastric contents from the body of the stomach towards the antrum, where the churning and mixing occur.

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Which type of gastric gland cell secretes pepsinogen?

Chief (zymogenic) cells are found in gastric glands and are responsible for secreting pepsinogen, an inactive precursor to pepsin, a key enzyme for protein digestion.

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What is the primary function of gastrin?

Gastrin, a hormone secreted by the stomach, primarily stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) by parietal cells, which aids in digestion.

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What is the role of the alternating propulsion and retropulsion in the stomach?

The alternating propulsion (forward movement) and retropulsion (backward movement) of the stomach muscles, known as mixing, serve to thoroughly mix the gastric contents (food) with gastric juice, aiding in digestion.

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