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Questions and Answers
Which type of immunity is present in all normal individuals?
Which type of immunity is present in all normal individuals?
- Innate immunity (correct)
- Active immunity
- Passive immunity
- Acquired immunity
What are the components of innate resistance?
What are the components of innate resistance?
- Hormones, neurotransmitters, enzymes, and antigens
- Physical barriers, phagocytic cells, proteins, and presence of normal flora (correct)
- Antibodies, T cells, B cells, and cytokines
- Pathogens, antigens, toxins, and allergens
Which major activity involves the immune system's ability to remember past infections?
Which major activity involves the immune system's ability to remember past infections?
- Response
- Elimination
- Recognition
- Memory (correct)
What does innate immunity discriminate among?
What does innate immunity discriminate among?
Which type of immunity is acquired through clinical or subclinical infection?
Which type of immunity is acquired through clinical or subclinical infection?
What regulates innate immunity?
What regulates innate immunity?
Which cells are involved in innate resistance as phagocytic cells?
Which cells are involved in innate resistance as phagocytic cells?
What type of immunization involves exposure to microbial products like toxins?
What type of immunization involves exposure to microbial products like toxins?
Which type of immunity does not alter in intensity upon reexposure?
Which type of immunity does not alter in intensity upon reexposure?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of innate immunity?
Which of the following components is NOT part of innate resistance?
Which of the following components is NOT part of innate resistance?
What type of immunity involves immunization with live or killed infectious agents or their antigens?
What type of immunity involves immunization with live or killed infectious agents or their antigens?
Which physiological conditions regulate innate immunity?
Which physiological conditions regulate innate immunity?
Which major activity of the immune response involves the ability to recognize pathogens?
Which major activity of the immune response involves the ability to recognize pathogens?
Which type of immunity is regulated by physiological conditions such as nutrition, age, and hormones?
Which type of immunity is regulated by physiological conditions such as nutrition, age, and hormones?
What type of immunity is present in all normal individuals?
What type of immunity is present in all normal individuals?
What is the function of phagocytic cells in innate resistance?
What is the function of phagocytic cells in innate resistance?
Which component provides competitive inhibition as part of innate resistance?
Which component provides competitive inhibition as part of innate resistance?
Which antibody is the most abundant class in serum?
Which antibody is the most abundant class in serum?
What is the molecular weight of IgM?
What is the molecular weight of IgM?
Which antibody is the predominant antibody in secondary response?
Which antibody is the predominant antibody in secondary response?
In which secretions is IgA the major Ig?
In which secretions is IgA the major Ig?
Which antibody exists mainly as a monomer in serum but can occur in polymeric forms?
Which antibody exists mainly as a monomer in serum but can occur in polymeric forms?
Which antibody is the first Ig in the primary response and is synthesized by neonates?
Which antibody is the first Ig in the primary response and is synthesized by neonates?
Which antibody opsonizes/activates complement and is the only one to cross the placenta?
Which antibody opsonizes/activates complement and is the only one to cross the placenta?
What are the effector molecules of humoral immunity and are present in the serum?
What are the effector molecules of humoral immunity and are present in the serum?
Which antibody primarily functions as a B-Cell receptor and may participate in B-Cell maturation, maintenance, and activation?
Which antibody primarily functions as a B-Cell receptor and may participate in B-Cell maturation, maintenance, and activation?
Which Ig constitutes approximately 15% of total Ig in serum and is a major Ig in secretions such as colostrum, saliva, and tears?
Which Ig constitutes approximately 15% of total Ig in serum and is a major Ig in secretions such as colostrum, saliva, and tears?
Which antibody is important in host defense against helminth or worm infections?
Which antibody is important in host defense against helminth or worm infections?
Which antibody has the Fc portion that binds to the surface of mast cells and basophils, mediating immediate hypersensitive reactions?
Which antibody has the Fc portion that binds to the surface of mast cells and basophils, mediating immediate hypersensitive reactions?
What is the mechanism of action of Polyenes such as Amphotericin B?
What is the mechanism of action of Polyenes such as Amphotericin B?
Which enzyme do Azoles inhibit to cause depletion of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane?
Which enzyme do Azoles inhibit to cause depletion of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane?
What is the primary mechanism of action of Glucan synthesis Inhibitors like Caspofungin and Micafungin?
What is the primary mechanism of action of Glucan synthesis Inhibitors like Caspofungin and Micafungin?
How do Allylamines act as anti-fungal agents?
How do Allylamines act as anti-fungal agents?
How does Griseofulvin act to prevent fungal cell division?
How does Griseofulvin act to prevent fungal cell division?
What is the MOA of Polyenes such as Amphotericin B?
What is the MOA of Polyenes such as Amphotericin B?
Which anti-fungal agent primarily acts by inhibiting the fungal cytochrome p450 3A –dependent C 14demethylase?
Which anti-fungal agent primarily acts by inhibiting the fungal cytochrome p450 3A –dependent C 14demethylase?
How do Azoles such as Clotrimazole and Fluconazole act as anti-fungal agents?
How do Azoles such as Clotrimazole and Fluconazole act as anti-fungal agents?
Which anti-fungal agent inhibits fungal cell wall synthesis by inhibiting 1,3 D-glucan synthase?
Which anti-fungal agent inhibits fungal cell wall synthesis by inhibiting 1,3 D-glucan synthase?
What is the primary mode of action of Allylamines like Terbinafine?
What is the primary mode of action of Allylamines like Terbinafine?
What is the mechanism of action of Griseofulvin as an anti-fungal agent?
What is the mechanism of action of Griseofulvin as an anti-fungal agent?
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