Functional Psychology Key Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of functional psychology?

  • To develop a pure science of psychology
  • To understand the elements of consciousness
  • To provide a detailed description of the mind's contents
  • To improve personal life, education, and industry (correct)

What was William James' perspective on the role of habits in human behavior?

  • Habits are functional and can be developed or eliminated (correct)
  • Habits have no impact on human behavior
  • Habits are only relevant in animal behavior
  • Habits are innate and unchangeable

What was the main difference between William James' and Wundt's approaches to psychology?

  • James focused on the practical application, while Wundt focused on the theoretical (correct)
  • James studied only humans, while Wundt studied only animals
  • James used only qualitative methods, while Wundt used only quantitative methods
  • James believed in the importance of instinct, while Wundt did not

What was the main idea behind William James' concept of 'stream of consciousness'?

<p>Consciousness is a continuous and constantly changing process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was William James' approach to studying human behavior and thought?

<p>Using both philosophical and scientific methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary influence on William James' ideas?

<p>The philosophy of pragmatism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did William James believe was the key to developing good habits?

<p>Completely engaging in positive habits and abstaining from bad ones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of William James' work in the context of American psychology?

<p>It marked the transition from European to American psychology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was William James' perspective on the role of motivation in psychology?

<p>Motivation is an important aspect of understanding mental processes and behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the approach of functional psychology?

<p>A focus on the practical application of psychology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the empirical self, according to William James?

<p>The 'me' of personality, comprising three components, material, social, and spiritual self (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the James-Lange theory of emotion?

<p>Emotions are a result of our perception of an event (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core idea of pragmatism, according to William James?

<p>Truth is determined by its consequences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in the United States?

<p>Granville Stanley Hall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reciprocal antagonism, according to Hugo Munsterberg?

<p>Strengthening the thoughts opposite to those causing problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of adolescence?

<p>Granville Stanley Hall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of John Dewey's analysis of behavior?

<p>Dividing behavior into elements for analysis is artificial and misleading (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Harvey Carr's definition of mental activity?

<p>Mental activity involves the acquisition, fixation, retention, organization, and evaluation of experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Francis Cecil Sumner's work?

<p>Improving the Howard University psychology program (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first African American president of the American Psychological Association (APA)?

<p>Kenneth Bancroft Clark (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of functionalism in the learning process?

<p>Adapting to the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of an adaptive act, according to functionalism?

<p>A motive that acts as a stimulus for behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with promoting maze studies in space perception?

<p>Carr (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of research favored by James McKeen Cattell?

<p>Experimentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of applied psychology, according to James McKeen Cattell?

<p>Applying psychological principles to control behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the theory of the mind, as studied by Edward Lee Thorndike?

<p>How children make deductions about the beliefs of others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main finding of Thorndike's puzzle box experiments?

<p>Learning is incremental and occurs automatically (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of exercise, as proposed by Edward Lee Thorndike?

<p>A connection between stimuli and response can be strengthened or weakened (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Margaret Floy Washburn's research?

<p>Comparative psychology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the motor theory of consciousness, as proposed by Margaret Floy Washburn?

<p>A thought or consciousness is a result of sensations and motions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the functional psychology approach?

<p>To improve personal life, education, and industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept did William James introduce to oppose the idea of breaking down consciousness into elements?

<p>Stream of consciousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of habits in human behavior, according to William James?

<p>They are developed through experience and aid adaptation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was a significant influence on the development of functional psychology?

<p>William James (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of consciousness, according to William James' stream of consciousness concept?

<p>It is continuous and changing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approach that William James believed was necessary to study human behavior and thought?

<p>Both philosophical and scientific approaches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of putting oneself in an environment that encourages good habits, according to William James?

<p>Development of good habits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of functional psychology in terms of research?

<p>Broad research including animals, children, and 'abnormal humans' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of motivation in psychology, according to William James?

<p>It is a key factor in understanding human behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of functional psychology in terms of its approach to understanding the mind?

<p>It focuses on the function of the mind (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the empirical self, according to William James?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Hugo Munsterberg's applied psychology?

<p>Understanding abnormal behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea of the James-Lange theory of emotion?

<p>Emotions result from perception of an event (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of the importance of adolescence in developmental psychology?

<p>Granville Stanley Hall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Francis Cecil Sumner's work?

<p>Improving Howard University's psychology program (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea of John Dewey's analysis of behavior?

<p>Viewing behavior as a coordinated system directed towards a goal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Kenneth Bancroft Clark's work?

<p>Studying the effects of segregation on children (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea of William James' concept of free will?

<p>Free will is a beneficial assumption in studying human behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Harvey Carr's definition of mental activity?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in the United States?

<p>Granville Stanley Hall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Edward Lee Thorndike's theory of connectionism?

<p>The association between stimulus and responses through trial and error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind Margaret Floy Washburn's motor theory of consciousness?

<p>Consciousness is a result of sensations and motions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contribution of James McKeen Cattell to the field of psychology?

<p>The measurement of intelligence through sensory motor abilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Edward Lee Thorndike's law of effect, what is the outcome of behaviors followed by satisfying results?

<p>They are most likely to be established and repeated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of applied psychology, as described by James McKeen Cattell?

<p>The application of psychological principles in real-life situations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea behind Edward Lee Thorndike's puzzle box experiments?

<p>To study the process of trial and error learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind functionalism in the learning process?

<p>The focus on the adaptation to the environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the development of the theory of the mind, which explains how children make deductions about the beliefs of others?

<p>Edward Lee Thorndike (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea behind the law of exercise, as proposed by Edward Lee Thorndike?

<p>The connection between stimuli and response can be strengthened and weakened (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Edward Lee Thorndike, what is the outcome of the transfer of training?

<p>The application of knowledge and skills acquired during training to a targeted job or role (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of Wilhelm Wundt's experiment in 1862?

<p>It took 1/10 of a second to shift attention from the sound of the bell to the position of the pendulum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of Wilhelm Wundt's approach to understanding the mind?

<p>Voluntarism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of examining one's own conscious experience as objectively as possible?

<p>Introspection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the two basic types of mental experiences according to Wundt?

<p>Sensations and feelings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that Wundt believed was important for understanding consciousness?

<p>The will (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many doctoral students did Wundt train?

<p>Over 100 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the theory that describes feelings in terms of three attributes?

<p>Tridimensional theory of feelings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Wundt's approach to psychology?

<p>Use of introspection to study mental processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of interpreting sensory information?

<p>Perception (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Wilhelm Wundt's view on free will?

<p>He was a determinist (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology?

<p>To study the immediate experience of consciousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method did Titchener use to study mental elements?

<p>Introspection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first doctoral student of Edward Bradford Titchener and later became the president of the APA in 1921?

<p>Margaret Floy Washburn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of Titchener's structuralism approach?

<p>To study the immediate experience of consciousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason given by Titchener for excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

<p>Cigar smoke at the meetings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the psychologist who was most outraged by Titchener's policy of excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

<p>Christine Ladd-Franklin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of Titchener's structuralism approach in terms of understanding mental elements?

<p>To understand how mental elements combine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Titchener's structuralism approach in terms of its influence on contemporary psychology?

<p>It had a limited impact on contemporary psychology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main criticism of Titchener's structuralism approach?

<p>It excluded other developments from researchers outside the school (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Titchener's work in the context of the development of psychology as a science?

<p>It attempted to scientifically study what had been philosophical concerns in the past (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Wilhelm Wundt's experimental psychology?

<p>To understand the dynamics of human consciousness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the two basic types of mental experiences according to Wundt?

<p>Sensations and feelings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Wundt's experiment in 1862?

<p>It showed that psychology could be studied experimentally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of examining one's own conscious experience objectively?

<p>Introspection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Wilhelm Wundt's school of voluntarism?

<p>The emphasis on will, choice, and purpose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Wundt's students traveling from all over the world to be trained by him?

<p>It demonstrated the global interest in experimental psychology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the concept that feelings are described in terms of the degree in which they possess three attributes?

<p>Tridimensional theory of feelings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Wundt's experimental psychology in understanding immediate consciousness?

<p>To understand the dynamics of human consciousness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Wundt's use of introspection in his experimental psychology?

<p>It made the mind observable and repeatable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Wundt's approach to psychology?

<p>It is based on experimental methods and introspection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology?

<p>To study the conscious experience (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of Edward Bradford Titchener's version of psychology?

<p>Structuralism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first doctoral student of Edward Bradford Titchener and later became the president of the APA?

<p>Margaret Floy Washburn (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the justification given by Edward Bradford Titchener for excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

<p>Cigar smoke at the meetings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the method used by Edward Bradford Titchener to study the conscious experience?

<p>Introspection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the psychologist who was most outraged by Titchener's policy of excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

<p>Christine Ladd-Franklin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology in terms of research?

<p>Conscious experience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Edward Bradford Titchener's structuralism approach in terms of its influence on contemporary psychology?

<p>It had a limited influence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Edward Bradford Titchener's introspection method?

<p>To describe mental experience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the characteristic of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology approach?

<p>It excluded other developments from researchers outside the school (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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