Functional Psychology Key Concepts

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What was the primary goal of functional psychology?

To develop a pure science of psychology

To understand the elements of consciousness

To provide a detailed description of the mind's contents

To improve personal life, education, and industry (correct)

What was William James' perspective on the role of habits in human behavior?

Habits are functional and can be developed or eliminated (correct)

Habits have no impact on human behavior

Habits are only relevant in animal behavior

Habits are innate and unchangeable

What was the main difference between William James' and Wundt's approaches to psychology?

James focused on the practical application, while Wundt focused on the theoretical (correct)

James studied only humans, while Wundt studied only animals

James used only qualitative methods, while Wundt used only quantitative methods

James believed in the importance of instinct, while Wundt did not

What was the main idea behind William James' concept of 'stream of consciousness'?

Consciousness is a continuous and constantly changing process Signup and view all the answers

What was William James' approach to studying human behavior and thought?

Using both philosophical and scientific methods Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary influence on William James' ideas?

The philosophy of pragmatism Signup and view all the answers

What did William James believe was the key to developing good habits?

Completely engaging in positive habits and abstaining from bad ones Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of William James' work in the context of American psychology?

It marked the transition from European to American psychology Signup and view all the answers

What was William James' perspective on the role of motivation in psychology?

Motivation is an important aspect of understanding mental processes and behavior Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the approach of functional psychology?

A focus on the practical application of psychology Signup and view all the answers

What is the empirical self, according to William James?

The 'me' of personality, comprising three components, material, social, and spiritual self Signup and view all the answers

What is the James-Lange theory of emotion?

Emotions are a result of our perception of an event Signup and view all the answers

What is the core idea of pragmatism, according to William James?

Truth is determined by its consequences Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in the United States?

Granville Stanley Hall Signup and view all the answers

What is reciprocal antagonism, according to Hugo Munsterberg?

Strengthening the thoughts opposite to those causing problems Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of adolescence?

Granville Stanley Hall Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of John Dewey's analysis of behavior?

Dividing behavior into elements for analysis is artificial and misleading Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Harvey Carr's definition of mental activity?

Mental activity involves the acquisition, fixation, retention, organization, and evaluation of experiences Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Francis Cecil Sumner's work?

Improving the Howard University psychology program Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first African American president of the American Psychological Association (APA)?

Kenneth Bancroft Clark Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of functionalism in the learning process?

Adapting to the environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of an adaptive act, according to functionalism?

A motive that acts as a stimulus for behavior Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with promoting maze studies in space perception?

Carr Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of research favored by James McKeen Cattell?

Experimentation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of applied psychology, according to James McKeen Cattell?

Applying psychological principles to control behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the theory of the mind, as studied by Edward Lee Thorndike?

How children make deductions about the beliefs of others Signup and view all the answers

What is the main finding of Thorndike's puzzle box experiments?

Learning is incremental and occurs automatically Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of exercise, as proposed by Edward Lee Thorndike?

A connection between stimuli and response can be strengthened or weakened Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Margaret Floy Washburn's research?

Comparative psychology Signup and view all the answers

What is the motor theory of consciousness, as proposed by Margaret Floy Washburn?

A thought or consciousness is a result of sensations and motions Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the functional psychology approach?

To improve personal life, education, and industry Signup and view all the answers

What concept did William James introduce to oppose the idea of breaking down consciousness into elements?

Stream of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of habits in human behavior, according to William James?

They are developed through experience and aid adaptation Signup and view all the answers

Who was a significant influence on the development of functional psychology?

William James Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of consciousness, according to William James' stream of consciousness concept?

It is continuous and changing Signup and view all the answers

What is the approach that William James believed was necessary to study human behavior and thought?

Both philosophical and scientific approaches Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of putting oneself in an environment that encourages good habits, according to William James?

Development of good habits Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of functional psychology in terms of research?

Broad research including animals, children, and 'abnormal humans' Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of motivation in psychology, according to William James?

It is a key factor in understanding human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of functional psychology in terms of its approach to understanding the mind?

It focuses on the function of the mind Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the empirical self, according to William James?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Hugo Munsterberg's applied psychology?

Understanding abnormal behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea of the James-Lange theory of emotion?

Emotions result from perception of an event Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of the importance of adolescence in developmental psychology?

Granville Stanley Hall Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Francis Cecil Sumner's work?

Improving Howard University's psychology program Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea of John Dewey's analysis of behavior?

Viewing behavior as a coordinated system directed towards a goal Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Kenneth Bancroft Clark's work?

Studying the effects of segregation on children Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea of William James' concept of free will?

Free will is a beneficial assumption in studying human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Harvey Carr's definition of mental activity?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in the United States?

Granville Stanley Hall Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Edward Lee Thorndike's theory of connectionism?

The association between stimulus and responses through trial and error Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind Margaret Floy Washburn's motor theory of consciousness?

Consciousness is a result of sensations and motions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contribution of James McKeen Cattell to the field of psychology?

The measurement of intelligence through sensory motor abilities Signup and view all the answers

According to Edward Lee Thorndike's law of effect, what is the outcome of behaviors followed by satisfying results?

They are most likely to be established and repeated Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of applied psychology, as described by James McKeen Cattell?

The application of psychological principles in real-life situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea behind Edward Lee Thorndike's puzzle box experiments?

To study the process of trial and error learning Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind functionalism in the learning process?

The focus on the adaptation to the environment Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the development of the theory of the mind, which explains how children make deductions about the beliefs of others?

Edward Lee Thorndike Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary idea behind the law of exercise, as proposed by Edward Lee Thorndike?

The connection between stimuli and response can be strengthened and weakened Signup and view all the answers

According to Edward Lee Thorndike, what is the outcome of the transfer of training?

The application of knowledge and skills acquired during training to a targeted job or role Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of Wilhelm Wundt's experiment in 1862?

It took 1/10 of a second to shift attention from the sound of the bell to the position of the pendulum. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of Wilhelm Wundt's approach to understanding the mind?

Voluntarism Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of examining one's own conscious experience as objectively as possible?

Introspection Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the two basic types of mental experiences according to Wundt?

Sensations and feelings Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that Wundt believed was important for understanding consciousness?

The will Signup and view all the answers

How many doctoral students did Wundt train?

Over 100 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the theory that describes feelings in terms of three attributes?

Tridimensional theory of feelings Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Wundt's approach to psychology?

Use of introspection to study mental processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of interpreting sensory information?

Perception Signup and view all the answers

What is Wilhelm Wundt's view on free will?

He was a determinist Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology?

To study the immediate experience of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What method did Titchener use to study mental elements?

Introspection Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first doctoral student of Edward Bradford Titchener and later became the president of the APA in 1921?

Margaret Floy Washburn Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of Titchener's structuralism approach?

To study the immediate experience of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason given by Titchener for excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

Cigar smoke at the meetings Signup and view all the answers

Who was the psychologist who was most outraged by Titchener's policy of excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

Christine Ladd-Franklin Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of Titchener's structuralism approach in terms of understanding mental elements?

To understand how mental elements combine Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Titchener's structuralism approach in terms of its influence on contemporary psychology?

It had a limited impact on contemporary psychology Signup and view all the answers

What was the main criticism of Titchener's structuralism approach?

It excluded other developments from researchers outside the school Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Titchener's work in the context of the development of psychology as a science?

It attempted to scientifically study what had been philosophical concerns in the past Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Wilhelm Wundt's experimental psychology?

To understand the dynamics of human consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the two basic types of mental experiences according to Wundt?

Sensations and feelings Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Wundt's experiment in 1862?

It showed that psychology could be studied experimentally Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of examining one's own conscious experience objectively?

Introspection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Wilhelm Wundt's school of voluntarism?

The emphasis on will, choice, and purpose Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Wundt's students traveling from all over the world to be trained by him?

It demonstrated the global interest in experimental psychology Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the concept that feelings are described in terms of the degree in which they possess three attributes?

Tridimensional theory of feelings Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Wundt's experimental psychology in understanding immediate consciousness?

To understand the dynamics of human consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Wundt's use of introspection in his experimental psychology?

It made the mind observable and repeatable Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Wundt's approach to psychology?

It is based on experimental methods and introspection Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology?

To study the conscious experience Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of Edward Bradford Titchener's version of psychology?

Structuralism Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first doctoral student of Edward Bradford Titchener and later became the president of the APA?

Margaret Floy Washburn Signup and view all the answers

What was the justification given by Edward Bradford Titchener for excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

Cigar smoke at the meetings Signup and view all the answers

What was the method used by Edward Bradford Titchener to study the conscious experience?

Introspection Signup and view all the answers

Who was the psychologist who was most outraged by Titchener's policy of excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

Christine Ladd-Franklin Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology in terms of research?

Conscious experience Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Edward Bradford Titchener's structuralism approach in terms of its influence on contemporary psychology?

It had a limited influence Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Edward Bradford Titchener's introspection method?

To describe mental experience Signup and view all the answers

What was the characteristic of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology approach?

It excluded other developments from researchers outside the school Signup and view all the answers

Functional Psychology Key Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of functional psychology?

What was William James' perspective on the role of habits in human behavior?

What was the main difference between William James' and Wundt's approaches to psychology?

What was the main idea behind William James' concept of 'stream of consciousness'?

What was William James' approach to studying human behavior and thought?

What was the primary influence on William James' ideas?

What did William James believe was the key to developing good habits?

What was the significance of William James' work in the context of American psychology?

What was William James' perspective on the role of motivation in psychology?

What characterized the approach of functional psychology?

What is the empirical self, according to William James?

What is the James-Lange theory of emotion?

What is the core idea of pragmatism, according to William James?

Who is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in the United States?

What is reciprocal antagonism, according to Hugo Munsterberg?

Who is credited with the discovery of adolescence?

What is the main idea of John Dewey's analysis of behavior?

What is the main idea of Harvey Carr's definition of mental activity?

What was the focus of Francis Cecil Sumner's work?

Who was the first African American president of the American Psychological Association (APA)?

What is the main focus of functionalism in the learning process?

What is the main component of an adaptive act, according to functionalism?

Who is credited with promoting maze studies in space perception?

What is the primary method of research favored by James McKeen Cattell?

What is the main focus of applied psychology, according to James McKeen Cattell?

What is the theory of the mind, as studied by Edward Lee Thorndike?

What is the main finding of Thorndike's puzzle box experiments?

What is the law of exercise, as proposed by Edward Lee Thorndike?

What is the main focus of Margaret Floy Washburn's research?

What is the motor theory of consciousness, as proposed by Margaret Floy Washburn?

What was the primary goal of the functional psychology approach?

What concept did William James introduce to oppose the idea of breaking down consciousness into elements?

What is the role of habits in human behavior, according to William James?

Who was a significant influence on the development of functional psychology?

What is the characteristic of consciousness, according to William James' stream of consciousness concept?

What is the approach that William James believed was necessary to study human behavior and thought?

What is the result of putting oneself in an environment that encourages good habits, according to William James?

What is the focus of functional psychology in terms of research?

What is the role of motivation in psychology, according to William James?

What is the characteristic of functional psychology in terms of its approach to understanding the mind?

What is the primary component of the empirical self, according to William James?

What is the primary focus of Hugo Munsterberg's applied psychology?

What is the primary idea of the James-Lange theory of emotion?

Who is credited with the discovery of the importance of adolescence in developmental psychology?

What is the primary focus of Francis Cecil Sumner's work?

What is the primary idea of John Dewey's analysis of behavior?

What is the primary focus of Kenneth Bancroft Clark's work?

What is the primary idea of William James' concept of free will?

What is the primary focus of Harvey Carr's definition of mental activity?

Who is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in the United States?

What is the primary focus of Edward Lee Thorndike's theory of connectionism?

What is the main idea behind Margaret Floy Washburn's motor theory of consciousness?

What is the main contribution of James McKeen Cattell to the field of psychology?

According to Edward Lee Thorndike's law of effect, what is the outcome of behaviors followed by satisfying results?

What is the main focus of applied psychology, as described by James McKeen Cattell?

What is the primary idea behind Edward Lee Thorndike's puzzle box experiments?

What is the main idea behind functionalism in the learning process?

Who is credited with the development of the theory of the mind, which explains how children make deductions about the beliefs of others?

What is the primary idea behind the law of exercise, as proposed by Edward Lee Thorndike?

According to Edward Lee Thorndike, what is the outcome of the transfer of training?

What was the result of Wilhelm Wundt's experiment in 1862?

What is the name of Wilhelm Wundt's approach to understanding the mind?

What is the term for the process of examining one's own conscious experience as objectively as possible?

What is the term for the two basic types of mental experiences according to Wundt?

What is the concept that Wundt believed was important for understanding consciousness?

How many doctoral students did Wundt train?

What is the name of the theory that describes feelings in terms of three attributes?

What is the characteristic of Wundt's approach to psychology?

What is the term for the process of interpreting sensory information?

What is Wilhelm Wundt's view on free will?

What was the main goal of Edward Bradford Titchener's psychology?

What method did Titchener use to study mental elements?

Who was the first doctoral student of Edward Bradford Titchener and later became the president of the APA in 1921?

What was the main focus of Titchener's structuralism approach?

What was the reason given by Titchener for excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

Who was the psychologist who was most outraged by Titchener's policy of excluding women from his experimental psychology group?

What was the goal of Titchener's structuralism approach in terms of understanding mental elements?