20 Questions
What is the functional level for a person who is limited to transfers or limited household ambulation?
K1
What type of prosthesis component is allowed for someone who is a high-energy activities performer?
Hydraulic knee, energy-storing foot
What is the advantage of an Immediate Post-Operative Prosthesis (IPOP)?
Allows for earlier bipedal ambulation
Which stage of amputation may receive an Immediate Post-Operative Prosthesis (IPOP)?
Transtibial
What functional level is defined as non-ambulatory (bed bound)?
K0
What is the purpose of a temporary (preparatory) prosthesis?
To allow for early prosthetic training and fine tuning of the prosthetic alignment
When is a definitive or permanent prosthesis typically made?
After 6-9 months when shaping and shrinking process has ended
What is required for amputees with great toe amputations?
Stiff sole, toe filler, molded insole with arch support
What type of prosthesis provides excellent cosmetics with little or no biomechanical assistance?
Life cast prosthesis
At what level may a prosthetic boot composed of epoxy-modified acrylic resin be helpful?
Transmetatarsal level
What is the primary function of a soft cervical collar?
To limit motion through sensory feedback
Which type of cervical orthosis is classified as 'rigid or flexible (soft)' according to the material used and degree of stabilization?
Philadelphia
What is the maximum recommended duration for wearing a soft cervical collar?
10 days
In what conditions are soft cervical collars commonly indicated?
Whiplash injuries
What is the main purpose of a rigid (semi-rigid) cervical orthosis?
To provide significant control of motion of the cervical spine
Which orthosis provides total contact in the cervical spine and a mild degree of motion control?
Philadelphia Collar
Which type of orthosis is cooler than cervical collars but bulkier and provides good control of flexion/extension but not lateral bending and rotation?
Poster-Type Cervicothoracic Orthosis (CTO)
What is the indication for using the Sterno-Occipito-Mandibular Immobilizer (SOMI) orthosis?
Mid or low stable cervical fractures and arthritis
Which type of orthosis encloses the entire posterior skull, includes a band around the forehead, and extends downward to the inferior costal margin?
Minerva CTO
Which orthosis is similar to an extended Philadelphia collar reinforced with rigid plastic struts extending down onto the anterior and posterior thorax with strapping beneath the axilla?
Yale CTO
Test your knowledge on Medicare functional levels of ambulation including definitions for K0, K1, K2, K3, and K4. This quiz is prepared by Prof. Dr. Nasr Awad, PhD, MBBCH, High Diploma Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Assistant Professor at Sinai University.
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