30 Questions
What is J.P.'s respiratory rate?
12 breaths/minute
What is J.P.'s fasting blood glucose level?
152 mg/dL
Where is J.P.'s chest pain located?
Substernal
What is a common characteristic of J.P.'s symptoms?
Radiating pain down the left arm
What is the name of the diagnostic procedure that can confirm CHD and angina?
All of the above
What is a risk factor for CAD?
All of the above
What is a risk factor that can be modified?
Lack of exercise
What is a precipitating factor of angina?
Stress
What laboratory test is indicative of myocardial necrosis?
CK
What is the time frame for CK-MB to return to normal after myocardial infarction?
2 to 3 days
What symptom is described as experiencing shortness of breath when lying flat?
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
What is the primary reason for A.J.'s admission to the hospital?
Increasing shortness of breath
What is the primary symptom experienced by J.P.?
Substernal chest pain
What is the likely trigger for J.P.'s chest pain?
Walking uphill or physical exertion
What is J.P.'s family history of cardiovascular disease?
Mother and brother died of heart attacks, father is alive with a history of heart attack and stroke
What is J.P.'s blood pressure measurement?
164/98 mmHg
What is the result of J.P.'s ECG?
Normal without evidence of previous MI
What is J.P.'s diet like?
He eats fatty food and French fries regularly
What ACC/AHA stage is characterized by being at high risk of developing heart failure?
Stage A
According to the NYHA functional classification, what is the characteristic of Class II?
Symptoms with moderate exertion
What is A.J.'s ACC/AHA stage?
Stage C
What is A.J.'s NYHA functional class?
Class III
What is the characteristic of ACC/AHA Stage D?
Refractory end-stage HF
What is NOT a characteristic of ACC/AHA Stage B?
Symptomatic heart failure
What is the effect of increased sympathetic nervous system activity on the heart?
Increased cardiac contractility
What is the result of increased venous return due to sodium and water retention?
Increased stroke volume
What is the effect of angiotensin II on cardiac muscle cells and fibroblasts?
Stimulation of growth
What is the result of decreased renal blood flow in the Renin-Angiotensin Mechanism?
Increased angiotensin II
What is the term for the thickening of the muscle tissue in the chamber wall?
Myocardial hypertrophy
What is the most likely diagnosis for Jennifer's symptoms?
Angina pectoris
A case study on angina in a 62-year-old farmer, with symptoms and medical history. Test your understanding of pathology and pathophysiology with this quiz from Future University in Egypt's Faculty of Pharmacy.
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