FT 2101: Nutrition Lecture 1 Quiz

Questions and Answers

What physiological adaptations does a fetus make in response to poor nutrition?

Increased insulin secretion

Increased muscle mass

Development of cardiovascular diseases

Modification of gene expression (correct)

What is the primary purpose of the 'thrifty gene' hypothesis?

To ensure efficient fat storage during food abundance (correct)

To prevent obesity in all circumstances

To promote constant weight gain regardless of nutrition

To enhance muscle growth in periods of famine

Which of the following is a consequence of under-nutrition?

Improved learning capacity

Higher birth weights

Delayed mental and physical development (correct)

Increased immunity against diseases

What effect does malnutrition have on women of short stature during pregnancy?

Greater risk of pregnancy-related complications Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is associated with childhood obesity?

Increased probability of obesity in adulthood Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of malnutrition on cognitive development?

Reduces intellectual capacity Signup and view all the answers

Which nutritional problem is prevalent in developed countries?

Overweight and obesity Signup and view all the answers

What health issue is childhood malnutrition particularly linked to?

Recurrent infections Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the consequences of over-nutrition?

Reduced capacity to work Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant health risk associated with obesity?

Increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Overview

FT 2101 offers 16 hours of lectures and practicals, includes one assignment and a quiz comprising 15 multiple choice questions scheduled for August 5th.

Definition and Importance of Nutrition

Nutrition is the science studying food intake and usage by living organisms for life maintenance, growth, and energy production.
Essential for health and development, improving diets, maintaining healthy weight, and boosting immune system.
Reduces risk for non-communicable diseases and promotes a balanced lifestyle.

Nutritional Components

Nutrients: Chemical compounds in food vital for bodily functions; examples include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
Macronutrients: Provide energy and maintain body's structure; crucial for overall health.
Micronutrients: Required in small quantities for cellular functions; include vitamins and minerals, primarily sourced from diet.

Malnutrition Types

Malnutrition: Results from energy and nutrient imbalances; includes three main types:
- Undernutrition: Insufficient intake of energy and nutrients affecting health.
- Micronutrient-related malnutrition: Deficiencies or excesses of vitamins and minerals.
- Overnutrition: Overweight, obesity, and diet-related non-communicable diseases.

Signs and Prevalence of Malnutrition

Signs of undernutrition: Unintentional weight loss, low body weight (BMI < 18.5).
In Sri Lanka: 1.7% of children aged 6-59 months are overweight; various obesity rates in children and adults, with urban, educated, and higher income groups more affected.

Health Impacts of Diet

Unhealthy diets link to non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and diabetes.
Barker Hypothesis: Suggests early life nutrition affects chronic disease risk later in life.

Nutritional Implications

Poor nutrition can lead to low birth weight affecting later health.
Thrifty Gene Hypothesis: Genes enabling fat deposition during abundance can lead to obesity and diabetes in food scarcity.

Nutritional Issues by Region

Developed Countries: Face overnutrition, obesity, and related diseases alongside food insecurity.
Developing Countries: Encounter hunger, undernutrition, protein-energy deficiencies, micronutrient deficits, and emerging overnutrition.

Developmental Consequences of Malnutrition

Malnutrition impacts organ function and immunity, increases child mortality, stunts mental and physical development, and hampers learning abilities.
Reductions in muscle function and cardiovascular health noted, along with increased mental health issues.

National Development and Malnutrition

Malnutrition hinders workforce capacity, intellectual development, and incurs higher healthcare costs.
Key to national progress involves addressing malnutrition through strategic programs and further measures tailored to the local context.

Description

Test your knowledge on the foundations of biochemistry and human nutrition with this quiz covering the key concepts from Lecture 1. Dive into topics such as the importance of nutrition and understanding malnutrition. Perfect for students engaged in FT 2101 courses.