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Questions and Answers
What is a significant consequence of malnutrition during infancy and early childhood?
What is a significant consequence of malnutrition during infancy and early childhood?
Which of the following is associated with the thrifty gene hypothesis?
Which of the following is associated with the thrifty gene hypothesis?
Which factor is a contributing cause of food insecurity in developing countries?
Which factor is a contributing cause of food insecurity in developing countries?
Which condition is likely to result from childhood obesity?
Which condition is likely to result from childhood obesity?
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What can malnutrition lead to in women of short stature during pregnancy?
What can malnutrition lead to in women of short stature during pregnancy?
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How does overnutrition contribute to health issues?
How does overnutrition contribute to health issues?
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What characterizes the nutritional problems in developed countries?
What characterizes the nutritional problems in developed countries?
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What effect does optimal nutrition in infancy have?
What effect does optimal nutrition in infancy have?
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What negative impact does under-nutrition have on children?
What negative impact does under-nutrition have on children?
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Which is a common consequence of malnutrition across all age groups?
Which is a common consequence of malnutrition across all age groups?
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Study Notes
Course Overview
- FT 2101 offers 16 hours of lectures and practicals, includes one assignment and a quiz comprising 15 multiple choice questions scheduled for August 5th.
Definition and Importance of Nutrition
- Nutrition is the science studying food intake and usage by living organisms for life maintenance, growth, and energy production.
- Essential for health and development, improving diets, maintaining healthy weight, and boosting immune system.
- Reduces risk for non-communicable diseases and promotes a balanced lifestyle.
Nutritional Components
- Nutrients: Chemical compounds in food vital for bodily functions; examples include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
- Macronutrients: Provide energy and maintain body's structure; crucial for overall health.
- Micronutrients: Required in small quantities for cellular functions; include vitamins and minerals, primarily sourced from diet.
Malnutrition Types
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Malnutrition: Results from energy and nutrient imbalances; includes three main types:
- Undernutrition: Insufficient intake of energy and nutrients affecting health.
- Micronutrient-related malnutrition: Deficiencies or excesses of vitamins and minerals.
- Overnutrition: Overweight, obesity, and diet-related non-communicable diseases.
Signs and Prevalence of Malnutrition
- Signs of undernutrition: Unintentional weight loss, low body weight (BMI < 18.5).
- In Sri Lanka: 1.7% of children aged 6-59 months are overweight; various obesity rates in children and adults, with urban, educated, and higher income groups more affected.
Health Impacts of Diet
- Unhealthy diets link to non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and diabetes.
- Barker Hypothesis: Suggests early life nutrition affects chronic disease risk later in life.
Nutritional Implications
- Poor nutrition can lead to low birth weight affecting later health.
- Thrifty Gene Hypothesis: Genes enabling fat deposition during abundance can lead to obesity and diabetes in food scarcity.
Nutritional Issues by Region
- Developed Countries: Face overnutrition, obesity, and related diseases alongside food insecurity.
- Developing Countries: Encounter hunger, undernutrition, protein-energy deficiencies, micronutrient deficits, and emerging overnutrition.
Developmental Consequences of Malnutrition
- Malnutrition impacts organ function and immunity, increases child mortality, stunts mental and physical development, and hampers learning abilities.
- Reductions in muscle function and cardiovascular health noted, along with increased mental health issues.
National Development and Malnutrition
- Malnutrition hinders workforce capacity, intellectual development, and incurs higher healthcare costs.
- Key to national progress involves addressing malnutrition through strategic programs and further measures tailored to the local context.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of biochemistry and human nutrition as outlined in Lecture 1 of the course. Focus areas include the importance of nutrition knowledge and the implications of malnutrition. Prepare to answer multiple-choice questions related to these topics.
