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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary component traditionally associated with multimedia?

  • Video
  • Olfactory stimuli (correct)
  • Audio
  • Text

What is the defining characteristic of supervised learning in the context of AI?

  • Allowing a model to explore data and discover patterns without explicit guidance.
  • Training a model without any labeled data.
  • Using reinforcement signals to guide the learning process.
  • Training a model on a dataset where each input is paired with a corresponding output label. (correct)

In the context of multimedia, which of the following exemplifies interactive media?

  • A pre-recorded film playing in a movie theatre.
  • A printed book with static images.
  • A podcast available for streaming.
  • A website where users can click buttons and enter information. (correct)

A creative director wants to use AI to generate variations of a marketing campaign visual. Which AI application would be most suitable for this task?

<p>A generative AI model capable of producing images from text prompts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An audio engineer uses AI to remove background noise from a music recording. Which component of multimedia does this directly enhance?

<p>Audio component by improving sound quality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A virtual reality experience aims to simulate the feeling of walking through a forest, incorporating visuals, sounds, and interactive elements. What combination of multimedia components is essential for achieving a convincing sense of presence in this simulation?

<p>Immersive video, spatial audio, and interactive media. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An advertising agency seeks to leverage AI to create hyper-personalized ad content for millions of users. They plan to use Supervised Learning to predict which ad creative (image, text, video) will have the highest engagement (click-through rate). What is the MOST critical challenge they will face in ensuring their AI system doesn't perpetuate harmful stereotypes or biases?

<p>Carefully curating and auditing the training dataset to eliminate or mitigate biases present in historical data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a current, commonly recognized imperfection in AI-generated images?

<p>The correct number and representation of fingers, legs, or tails on subjects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of AI inpainting?

<p>To make changes to specific parts of an image. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the AI image inpainting process described, after selecting an area to edit, what is the next crucial step?

<p>Writing a prompt to guide the editing of the selected part. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After applying the initial inpainting, what action allows the user to refine the result before finalizing it?

<p>Selecting from variations or conducting further editing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During AI image inpainting, a user uploads an image with a cat, intending to add a hat to it using a text prompt. The AI, however, replaces the cat's tail with a second hat instead of adding one on the cat's head. Which limitation of current AI models does this outcome MOST clearly demonstrate?

<p>Difficulty differentiating object attributes (e.g., a hat <em>on</em> the head versus a hat <em>as</em> a tail). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of generative AI?

<p>Creating new data points that resemble the original data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of multimodal learning in AI?

<p>Integrating information from multiple data types simultaneously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of generative AI, what is the role of an artist, using that AI as a tool?

<p>To create a design concept and use prompts to guide the AI's content generation, enhancing the results through editing techniques. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'forward diffusion process' achieve in image generation?

<p>It progressively adds noise to an image. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'reverse denoise process' within generative AI?

<p>To reconstruct an image by gradually removing noise. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'prompt engineering' in the context of AI?

<p>The practice of designing inputs for AI tools to produce optimal outputs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do artists utilize AI in creating artwork?

<p>By using AI as a software tool to assist in the artwork creation process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the diffusion model for image generation, what is the relationship between 'Input A' and 'Output B'?

<p>'Input A' represents a concept or initial image to which alterations or details are added, resulting in 'Output B'. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What underlying mathematical principle allows diffusion models to generate high-quality images from noisy inputs?

<p>Stochastic calculus, enabling the modeling of gradual transitions between data distributions through differential equations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where a generative AI model is trained to produce photorealistic images of birds. After extensive training, the model consistently generates images of birds with an additional, subtly distorted, but discernible artifact resembling a watermark in the lower-right corner. This artifact is never present in the training data. What is the MOST probable cause of this phenomenon?

<p>Latent space entanglement, where the model has inadvertently mapped a specific region of its latent space to encode the 'watermark' because of subtle biases in the training setup. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial and crucial step to take before writing a prompt for AI image generation?

<p>Clearly visualize the target image in your mind. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements are essential components of a well-structured prompt for AI image generation?

<p>Subject, action, object and image type. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you enhance a basic prompt consisting of 'subject, action, object' to achieve a more refined AI-generated image?

<p>By adding light and camera setting details. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information is included in the prompt example: '1 GIRL, 25 YO, LONG HAIR, BROWN HAIR, BROWN EYE, WORKING LOOK, BLACK SUIT, FORMAL SUIT, SMILE, HOLDING A RABBIT DOLL garden, flowers, morning light, rim light, view from above, look at viewer, Olympus em5,25 mm f 1.4,bokeh'?

<p>Detailed subject description, action, background, lighting and camera settings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Practice 1' exercise described?

<p>To generate an image of your favorite pet inside your dreamed home. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 'Practice 2,' what key element should the presenter in the advertisement image have?

<p>A resemblance to the user creating the prompt. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What platform is recommended for AI image generation practice, and how are its resources provided?

<p>Dreamina, offering up to 450 free credits per day. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should the completed AI image generation assignments be submitted?

<p>To the practice submission links on ICT elearning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Assuming each image generation costs a variable amount of credits on Dreamina, and you aim to create 3 distinct images for 'Practice 1' and 'Practice 2'. if the first image costs 120 credits, the second 150, and the third 180, what percentage of your daily free credits (450) will be utilized?

<p>Approximately 99.99% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the prompt structure of 'Type of expected image, Subject, action, object, Light and camera setting,' and considering the importance of each element, which of the following prompts is MOST LIKELY to yield a high-quality, specific, and visually appealing AI-generated image, assuming the user is aiming for a hyperrealistic photograph?

<p><code>Hyperrealistic photograph, 30-year-old woman, sitting at a cafe table reading a book, golden hour lighting, shallow depth of field, Sony a7iii, 85mm f/1.4</code> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates unsupervised learning from supervised learning?

<p>Supervised learning uses labeled data for training, while unsupervised learning does not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary goal of generative models?

<p>To create new data points that resemble the original data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core principle behind multimodal learning?

<p>Integrating and processing information from multiple data types. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of speech animation, what is the main objective of synchronizing lip movements and facial expressions with speech?

<p>To create more realistic and engaging character animations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do AI techniques generally contribute to image processing?

<p>By automating and enhancing various image manipulation tasks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Deep learning models with many layers are used to model complex patterns in large datasets. What is the name of this Machine learning?

<p>Deep Learning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where a virtual avatar needs to realistically mimic human speech. Which AI technique would be MOST crucial for achieving believable lip sync and facial expressions?

<p>Speech animation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An engineer is tasked with developing an AI model that can generate photorealistic 3D models of furniture from simple text descriptions (e.g., 'a cozy, modern armchair'). Which combination of AI techniques would be MOST suitable for this application?

<p>A multimodal approach combining natural language processing (NLP) for text understanding with generative adversarial networks (GANs) for image synthesis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Multimedia

Content that uses a combination of different forms of media to convey information or provide entertainment.

Media

Various means of communication used to deliver information, entertainment, and other forms of content to a broad audience.

Text (in Multimedia)

Written content, such as articles, captions, subtitles, and descriptions.

Audio (in Multimedia)

Sound elements, such as podcasts, music tracks, and voiceovers.

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Images (in Multimedia)

Static visual representations, such as photos, diagrams, and icons.

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Video (in Multimedia)

Moving visual media, such as movies, video clips, tutorials, and animations.

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Supervised Learning

A model trained on a labeled dataset to predict accurately the labels for new, unseen data.

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Deep Learning

Learning complex patterns using neural networks with many layers.

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Generative Models

Models that generate new data points similar to existing data.

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Multimodal Learning

Integrating information from multiple data types simultaneously.

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AI Upscaling

Enhancing resolution or details of images or videos using AI.

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Speech Animation

Synchronizing lip movements with speech in animations.

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Image Processing with AI

Using AI to improve or change images or videos.

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Machine Learning

The model tries to learn the underlying structure or patterns in the data without any explicit instructions

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Generative AI

AI systems capable of generating new data points similar to existing data.

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AI-Assisted Artwork

The use of AI as a tool for artists to create artwork, enhancing their creative process.

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Forward Diffusion Process

A technique where noise is progressively added to data.

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Reverse Denois Process

A technique where noise is removed to reconstruct the data.

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Prompt Engineering

The art of crafting inputs for AI to achieve optimal outputs.

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Image Generation - Diffusion Model

Process involves adding noise to data then reversing the process to generate a similar output.

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Slightly Less Noisy Image

Process slightly less noisy image using AI.

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Add Noise

The original content with forward diffusion process.

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AI Fixed

Fixed content with generative reverse denoise process.

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AI Image Flaw: Text

A common issue in AI-generated images, involving incorrect or illogical rendering of textual elements.

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AI Image Flaw: Limbs

A frequent problem in AI-generated images, where figures have an incorrect number of fingers, legs, or tails.

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AI Inpainting Definition

Using AI to modify a portion of an image after object detection.

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Inpainting Steps: Selecting and Prompting

Use a brush in an AI image editor to select an area for modification and then input a prompt to alter the selected part.

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AI Inpainting: Confirming Results

The confirmation step in AI image inpainting after selecting a variation. Finalizes edits by tapping the 'Done' button when satisfied with the result.

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Target picture

A mental picture of the desired final image, including style and content.

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Prompt Structure

A structured way to write prompts for AI image generation to get better and reliable results.

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Image Type

The overall style or visual appearance of the generated image.

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Subject, Action, Object

The main focus of the image, including what is happening.

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Light and Camera Setting

Lighting style and camera settings to affect the image's mood and composition.

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Dreamina

Website used to generate images from text prompts.

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Free Credits

Virtual currency offered by Dreamina for generating images.

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Download Result

Choosing and saving the image that best meets the requirements.

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AI Practice 1

Creating an image based on a subject at the submitters home.

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AI Practice 2

Creating an image to advertise a certain product .

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Study Notes

  • AI is used in creative industries and this module covers AI, ML, and Data Science.
  • The goal of this section is to introduce multimedia and creative content.
  • The goal is to introduce the current use of AI for the creative industry.
  • This presentation will apply generative AI to create media and introduce the current issues with generative AI.

Multimedia Definition

  • Multimedia is content using a combination of media forms
  • These media forms convey information or provide entertainment.

Media Definition

  • Media is the plural of Medium
  • It consists of various means of communication
  • Media is used to deliver information, entertainment, and other forms of content to a wide audience.

Components of Multimedia

  • Text examples include articles, captions, subtitles, and descriptions
  • Audio examples include podcasts, music tracks, and voiceovers
  • Images are static visual representations such as photos, diagrams, icons, and infographics.
  • Video covers moving visual media like movies, video clips, tutorials, and animations
  • Interactive media requires user interaction, such as websites, video games, virtual reality experiences, and interactive presentations.

Machine Learning in Multimedia

  • Supervised Learning trains a model on a labeled dataset
  • The goal is to map inputs to outputs for accurate label prediction on new, unseen data
  • Unsupervised Learning trains a model on unlabeled data and learns the underlying structure or patterns
  • Deep Learning focuses on neural networks with many layers to model complex patterns in large datasets.
  • Generative Models aim to generate new data points similar to the existing data, creating samples resembling the original data.
  • Multimodal Learning integrates and processes information from multiple data types or modalities simultaneously.

Rendering with AI

  • AI is used for rendering of videos and images
  • This includes 3D rendering and upscaling resolution

AI 3D Animation

  • Speech Animation synchronizes lip movements and facial expressions with AI
  • This is often used in character animation and virtual avatars.
  • Facial animation is automated from audio which is analyzed and translated into virtual muscle activations
  • Virtual muscle activation occurs within vocal tract simulation

Image Processing with AI

  • AI enhances images or videos

Generative AI

  • Generative AI applies a generative model to generate new data points
  • These points are similar to the existing data.
  • Generative AI applications include generating stories, images, audio, and video, and 3D models

How is Generative Al applied?

  • Artists can create artwork with the assist of generative AI or use AI as a software tool
  • Artists create prompts to ask AI to generate content
  • Editing techniques are used to enhance generative AI outputs

Al Generated Content

  • AI can generate content that can be edited with software

Video editing

  • AI can generate videos, audio and voice overs

How Generative AI works

  • Generative AI learning processes
  • Original images can have noise added with AI
  • AI also fixes images

Image Generation Models

  • Image generation uses diffusion models
  • Diffusion models can have inputs and outputs

Image Generation Process

  • Image generation goes through a typical process for diffusion models
  • Initially an image has noise, then AI removes the noise from user provided prompts

Prompt Engineering

  • Prompt engineering is designing inputs for AI tools to produce optimal outputs

Writing Prompts

  • Before writing a prompt it requires a clear image of the target picture in the head
  • A good structure is required
  • Expected image (Realistic, Semi-Realistic, Illustrator)
  • Details regarding Subject, action, object
  • Light and camera settings

Prompt Example

  • A prompt will include subject and action, such as: 1 GIRL,WORKING LOOK, BLACK SUIT, FORMAL SUIT, HOLDING A RABBIT DOLL SIMPLE BACKGROUND, WHITE BACKGROUND
  • A prompt can include light and camera settings, such as: garden, morning light, rim light, view from above
  • Prompts can include: GIRL, 25 YO,LONG HAIR, BROWN HAIR,BROWN EYE,WORKING LOOK, BLACK SUIT, FORMAL SUIT, SMILE, HOLDING A RABBIT DOLL garden, flowers, morning light, rim light, view from above, look at viewer, Olympus em5,25 mm f 1.4,bokeh

Dreamina

  • A website called Dreamina can be used to practice prompt engineering
  • Dreamina has an interface where prompts can be tested
  • Dreamina generate image outputs from simple prompts
  • Dreamina outputs can downloaded

AI Image Generation

  • Users can perform practice exercises such as generating an image of a favorite pet inside a dreamed home
  • Users can generate an image for a product advertisement
  • Following good prompt structure will improve results

Common Flaws in Al Generated Images

  • Flaws occur in AI generated images
  • These include issues with text presentation and images
  • AI struggles with fingers, legs, tails, and appendages

Al Inpainting

  • Generative AI can detect objects in images.
  • AI inpainting helps edit parts of an image

Using Al Inpainting

  • Upload a canvas and select an image to edit
  • AI can be used to change the image style

Generative AI for Audio

  • Generative AI for audio can generate lyrics for a song
  • AI can generate music melodies
  • Generative AI can create music from provided vocals
  • Generative AI version has limited length and style for free version

Generative AI for Video

  • Generative AI for video includes limited length and movements

MU Software

  • Mahidol University provides software for free to students and Staff
  • This includes software from Adobe

Creative Cloud

  • Creative cloud is available via MU license

Software Downloads

  • Software downloads are available via the MUIT website
  • A copyright grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to its use and distribution for a certain period.
  • Copyright exists to protect a creator's intellectual property and provide control over the work.
  • It protects the creator's expression in a tangible medium.
  • It protects literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, including poetry, novels, movies, songs, computer software, and architecture.
  • Copyright does not protect facts, ideas, systems, or methods of operation
  • Copyright owners have rights to make copies, distribute copies, prepare derivative works, perform the works publicly, and display the work publicly.

Public Domain

  • Public Domain works are not copyright protected
  • They can be without permission or royalties.
  • Anyone can copy, modify, distribute, or use public domain works.
  • Public domain includes: Expired copyrights, government created works, volunteered releases such as CCO, and ideas or facts.

Fair Use

  • Fair Use allows limited copy righted material without permission
  • Transformative uses qualify as fair us, such as news reporting
  • Adding message to the original making it transformative
  • Non-commercial uses such as eduction or personal use

Terms of use agreements

  • Terms of Use are legal agreements between a service and a user that outline rules and responsibilities. These cover usage, restrictions, licenses, privacy, etc.
  • Material created by generative AI tools do not currently receive copyright protections in US, according current laws and opinions
  • AI is subject too fair use laws
  • Generated artworks might infringe the copyright depending on the data the AI used to train the model
  • Recheck both the data set and terms of use

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