10 Questions
What is the main function of a fruit?
Protecting the seeds and nourishing them during development
What are the two scars found on fruits?
Base and apex
When is a fruit considered a true fruit?
When formed from the gynoecium of a single flower alone
What is a composite fruit?
A fruit formed from the entire inflorescence
What is the result of the development of the gynoecium due to fertilization?
Fruit development
What type of fruit results from the ovaries increasing in size and becoming aggregated together after fertilization?
Composite fruit
Which type of fruit classification is characterized by the pericarp becoming dry and remaining attached to the plant, splitting when ripe to release the seeds?
Simple, Dry, Dehiscent fruits
Which fruit type is formed from an ovary with a hard and woody endocarp, fleshy mesocarp, and leathery epicarp, enclosing one seed?
Drupe
Which type of fruit splits up into a number of one-seeded, indehiscent parts called mericarps upon ripening?
Cremocarp
What type of fruit is usually many-seeded and has one or more carpels with entirely fleshy pericarp?
Berry
Study Notes
Fruit Functions and Types
- The main function of a fruit is to protect and disperse seeds.
Fruit Scars
- Fruits typically have two scars: the stem end (hilum) and the blossom end (stigma).
True Fruits
- A fruit is considered a true fruit if it develops from the ovary of a flower.
Composite Fruits
- A composite fruit is formed from multiple ovaries in a single flower, which merge to form a single fruit.
Fruit Development
- Fertilization leads to the development of the gynoecium, resulting in fruit formation.
Multiple Fruitlets
- When the ovaries increase in size and become aggregated together after fertilization, a fruit type called an aggregate fruit is formed.
Dehiscent Fruits
- Dehiscent fruits are characterized by a dry pericarp that remains attached to the plant, splitting when ripe to release the seeds.
Drupes
- A drupe is a fruit type formed from an ovary with a hard and woody endocarp, fleshy mesocarp, and leathery epicarp, enclosing one seed.
Schizocarps
- Schizocarps are fruits that split up into a number of one-seeded, indehiscent parts called mericarps upon ripening.
Berries
- Berries are fruits that are usually many-seeded and have one or more carpels with entirely fleshy pericarp.
Test your knowledge of fruit anatomy and classification with this quiz based on the contents of Dr. Khaled A. Nematallah's lecture. Explore topics like floral parts, the function of fruits, and the two scars found on fruits.
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