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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the septum, amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampal complex, and cingulate cortex in the brain?
They control the production of hormones and chemicals in the body necessary for survival and development.
What unique structure is found in the cerebral neocortex?
The cerebral neocortex is a structure found uniquely in mammals.
What cognitive functions are enabled by the cerebral neocortex?
Creative thinking, language, abstraction, and perception are enabled by the cerebral neocortex.
How do higher-order thinking processes intervene in primal instincts?
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What is an example of socially unacceptable behavior related to primal instincts?
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Why do reactions to primal instincts vary among individuals?
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What is the role of the brain in preventing socially unacceptable behavior related to primal instincts?
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How does the brain enable individuals to have varying stress tolerance thresholds?
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What part of the brain enables language and abstraction?
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Why is the behavior of instantly becoming angry and lashing out socially unacceptable?
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Match the following Freudian concepts with their descriptions:
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Match the following psychosexual development stages with their descriptions:
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Match the following terms with their descriptions in Freud's model of the mind:
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Karl Marx believes that discomfort in society comes from believing one should be in a different caste of society
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According to Karl Marx, the bourgeoisie exploit the proletariats through capitalism
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Karl Marx believed that society is split between 3 major social classes
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Freud's theory of motivation and personality focuses on conscious motivations rather than unconscious drives.
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According to Freud, human motivation is dominated by two basic instincts: Eros and Thanatos.
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Freud's model of the mind includes the conscious and unconscious parts, divided into Id, Ego, and Superego.
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Unbalanced psyche due to an overwhelming ego can lead to extreme behaviors and psychosis, according to Freud's theory.
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Marx's Labor Theory of Value states the cost of production determines a commodity's value
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Freud's theory focuses on individual motives and past experiences to understand society's actions and social change
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According to Karl Marx, what leads to inequality between social classes?
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In Karl Marx's view, who derives power from owning and controlling large-scale operations and corporations?
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What did Karl Marx believe determines an individual's opportunities within society?
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According to Marx's Labor Theory of Value, what determines a commodity's value?
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What did Antonio Gramsci seek to challenge through his approach of quiet revolution, education, and media?
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What concept did Emilie Durkheim develop to explain how unclear norms and behaviors can lead to dissatisfaction and conflict?
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According to Freud's theory, which instinct represents creativity, growth, and life?
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What are the three parts of Freud's model of the mind?
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Which defense mechanism impacts an individual's personality and interpretation of social situations?
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According to Freud, what may lead to fixation and negative consequences in adulthood?
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Study Notes
Freud's Theory of Motivation and Personality
- Freud's theory focuses on identifying unconscious drives and understanding the relationship between carnal motivations and conscious thought
- Human motivation according to Freud is dominated by two basic instincts: Eros (life drive) and Thanatos (death drive)
- Eros represents creativity, growth, and life, while Thanatos leads organic life back into the inanimate state through death
- Freud proposed five psychosexual development stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital
- Failure to fulfill the needs of each stage may lead to fixation and negative consequences in adulthood
- Freud's theory has been widely criticized for its lack of evidence and sexist nature, but it contributed to the idea that personality development begins at a young age and is motivated by internal drives
- Freud's model of the mind includes the conscious (smaller, visible) and unconscious (larger, hidden) parts, divided into Id, Superego, and Ego
- The Id seeks immediate pleasure without considering long-term consequences, the Superego is concerned with socially responsible behavior, and the Ego acts as a mediator
- Ego defense mechanisms, such as repression, displacement, and denial, impact an individual's personality and interpretation of social situations
- Unbalanced psyche due to an overwhelming ego can lead to extreme behaviors and psychosis
- Understanding social behavior enables comprehension of reactions to environmental stresses, such as job security and personal safety
- Humans have the ability to rationalize situations and control primitive urges, distinguishing them from other species on the planet
Theories of Social Change and Power Dynamics
- Proletariats are the working class who sell their skills for money
- Capitalism is an economic system where production means are privately owned
- Marx's Labor Theory of Value states the cost of production determines a commodity's value
- Alienation from their work separates workers from the final product, leading to less pride in the creation
- The Industrial Revolution led to a reduction in skilled laborers and increased profit for the bourgeoisie
- Antonio Gramsci sought to challenge the ruling class through quiet revolution and using education and media
- Cultural Hegemony theory states society is dominated by one ruling class, but change is possible by persuading the masses
- Media is used to reinforce the desire for consumption, increasing the ruling class's wealth
- Enduring power dynamics are driven by those who hold the money, exploiting the classes below them
- Emilie Durkheim's concept of Anomie explains how unclear norms and behaviors can lead to dissatisfaction and conflict
- Organic specialization occurs when workers perform specific tasks for the benefit of the entire system, weakening social bonds
- Freud's theory focuses on individual motives and past experiences to understand society's actions and social change.
Freud's Theory of Motivation and Personality
- Freud's theory focuses on identifying unconscious drives and understanding the relationship between carnal motivations and conscious thought
- Human motivation according to Freud is dominated by two basic instincts: Eros (life drive) and Thanatos (death drive)
- Eros represents creativity, growth, and life, while Thanatos leads organic life back into the inanimate state through death
- Freud proposed five psychosexual development stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital
- Failure to fulfill the needs of each stage may lead to fixation and negative consequences in adulthood
- Freud's theory has been widely criticized for its lack of evidence and sexist nature, but it contributed to the idea that personality development begins at a young age and is motivated by internal drives
- Freud's model of the mind includes the conscious (smaller, visible) and unconscious (larger, hidden) parts, divided into Id, Superego, and Ego
- The Id seeks immediate pleasure without considering long-term consequences, the Superego is concerned with socially responsible behavior, and the Ego acts as a mediator
- Ego defense mechanisms, such as repression, displacement, and denial, impact an individual's personality and interpretation of social situations
- Unbalanced psyche due to an overwhelming ego can lead to extreme behaviors and psychosis
- Understanding social behavior enables comprehension of reactions to environmental stresses, such as job security and personal safety
- Humans have the ability to rationalize situations and control primitive urges, distinguishing them from other species on the planet
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Description
Test your knowledge of Freud's theory of motivation and instincts in this quiz. Explore the concepts of Eros and Thanatos and their influence on human behavior and social interactions.
