Lecture 3 - Fractures

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Questions and Answers

What are the clinical signs of a fracture?

Rash, joint pain, muscle weakness, cough

Fever, chills, dizziness, shortness of breath

Nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue

Swelling, bruising, pain, limb deformity (correct)

Which type of fracture is associated with reduced bone resistance due to tumors?

Stress fractures

Pathological fractures (correct)

Traumatic fractures

Fragility fractures

What is the most common type of traumatic fracture?

Low energy

Direct trauma

High energy (correct)

Normal bone

Which type of fracture is associated with osteoporosis and occurs without trauma?

Fragility fractures Signup and view all the answers

In what type of fracture does the force occur far from where the force has been applied?

Traction / Avulsion Fracture Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture is usually related to high energy trauma such as road traffic accidents?

Combined mechanism fracture Signup and view all the answers

In which type of fracture does the fracture line usually appear transversal?

Traction Fracture Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture involves a bone break that is total?

Complete fracture Signup and view all the answers

What type of fracture involves minimal deformation and a stable pattern?

Valgus impacted fracture Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture involves no direct communication between the bone and outer space?

Closed fracture Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification for fractures with direct communication between the bone and outer space?

Open fractures Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture involves growth plates involvement and non-reversible outcomes?

Physeal fractures Signup and view all the answers

What type of fracture involves cortex interruption on the convex side and no lesion on the concave side?

Green-stick fracture Signup and view all the answers

In pediatric fractures, which type involves growth plates involvement and potentially on-growing, reversible outcomes?

Physeal fractures Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard imaging for diagnosing physeal fractures?

X-rays Signup and view all the answers

In the treatment of fractures, which method is less invasive and for stable fractures?

Conservative treatment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Clinical Signs of Fractures

Clinical signs of a fracture include pain, swelling, deformity, and inability to move the affected area.

Types of Fractures

Pathological fracture: associated with reduced bone resistance due to tumors.
Insufficiency fracture: associated with osteoporosis and occurs without trauma.
Indirect fracture: the force occurs far from where it was applied.

Traumatic Fractures

Comminuted fracture: the most common type of traumatic fracture.
High-energy fracture: usually related to high-energy trauma such as road traffic accidents.

Fracture Patterns

Transverse fracture: the fracture line appears transversal.
Complete fracture: the fracture line involves a total break in the bone.

Fracture Classification

Stable fracture: involves minimal deformation and a stable pattern.
Closed fracture: no direct communication between the bone and outer space.
Open fracture: direct communication between the bone and outer space.

Pediatric Fractures

Physeal fracture: involves growth plates involvement and potentially non-reversible outcomes.
Salter-Harris fracture: involves growth plates involvement and potentially on-growing, reversible outcomes.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Standard imaging for diagnosing physeal fractures: radiography (x-ray).
Less invasive treatment method for stable fractures: closed reduction.

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Description

Test your knowledge of different types of fractures with this quiz. Learn about how fractures occur, clinical signs, symptoms, and more. Perfect for medical students, healthcare professionals, and anyone interested in bone injuries.