Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of human life included in the holistic view that seeded the roots of Occupational Therapy?
Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of human life included in the holistic view that seeded the roots of Occupational Therapy?
Who developed the Sensorimotor Model focusing on sensory input and motor responses?
Who developed the Sensorimotor Model focusing on sensory input and motor responses?
Which of the following individuals is credited with providing Occupational Therapy its initial connection to medicine?
Which of the following individuals is credited with providing Occupational Therapy its initial connection to medicine?
What concept refers to the integration of sensory information and motor skills?
What concept refers to the integration of sensory information and motor skills?
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What was the title of the book written by William Rush Dunton in 1919?
What was the title of the book written by William Rush Dunton in 1919?
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Which disease was mentioned as being incurable and sometimes lasting for several years in the text?
Which disease was mentioned as being incurable and sometimes lasting for several years in the text?
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Which of the following statements about Eleanor Clarke Slagle is NOT true?
Which of the following statements about Eleanor Clarke Slagle is NOT true?
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What new paradigm emerged in the 1980s onward in Occupational Therapy?
What new paradigm emerged in the 1980s onward in Occupational Therapy?
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Which of the following areas did William Rush Dunton recognize as contributing to the multidisciplinary nature of Occupational Therapy?
Which of the following areas did William Rush Dunton recognize as contributing to the multidisciplinary nature of Occupational Therapy?
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Who contributed to the Habit Training Approach by focusing on crafts as means of restoring 'authentic living'?
Who contributed to the Habit Training Approach by focusing on crafts as means of restoring 'authentic living'?
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'Therapeutic use of self' in Occupational Therapy refers to:
'Therapeutic use of self' in Occupational Therapy refers to:
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Which of the following individuals was a contemporary of Jane Addams, one of the founders of the Hull House?
Which of the following individuals was a contemporary of Jane Addams, one of the founders of the Hull House?
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'National registration for OT began' during which decade?
'National registration for OT began' during which decade?
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'Mosey's 3 frames of reference' were prominent during which decade?
'Mosey's 3 frames of reference' were prominent during which decade?
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'Object relations theory' is associated with which prominent figure?
'Object relations theory' is associated with which prominent figure?
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What movement aimed at retraining soldiers took place during World War II?
What movement aimed at retraining soldiers took place during World War II?
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What is a key aspect of the Recovery model in mental health?
What is a key aspect of the Recovery model in mental health?
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In the context of prevention, tertiary prevention is provided to individuals who are:
In the context of prevention, tertiary prevention is provided to individuals who are:
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What is a key concept of the Social Cognitive Theory relevant to occupational therapy?
What is a key concept of the Social Cognitive Theory relevant to occupational therapy?
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What does collective agency refer to in the context of occupational therapy agencies?
What does collective agency refer to in the context of occupational therapy agencies?
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According to AOTA's identified emerging areas of practice, what area involves fall prevention and aging in place?
According to AOTA's identified emerging areas of practice, what area involves fall prevention and aging in place?
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What is a key aspect of Emotional Reasoning related to occupational therapy?
What is a key aspect of Emotional Reasoning related to occupational therapy?
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What distinguishes Secondary Prevention from Primary Prevention in occupational therapy?
What distinguishes Secondary Prevention from Primary Prevention in occupational therapy?
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What does proxy agency involve in the context of occupational therapy?
What does proxy agency involve in the context of occupational therapy?
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'Observed learning', 'self-efficacy', and 'behavioral reinforcement' are key concepts associated with which theory relevant to occupational therapy?
'Observed learning', 'self-efficacy', and 'behavioral reinforcement' are key concepts associated with which theory relevant to occupational therapy?
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What characterizes the emerging practice area identified by AOTA concerning health and wellness, chronic disease management, and obesity care?
What characterizes the emerging practice area identified by AOTA concerning health and wellness, chronic disease management, and obesity care?
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What model was initially proposed by Jean Ayres in 1963?
What model was initially proposed by Jean Ayres in 1963?
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Which healthcare payment method involves providers receiving a fixed amount for each patient based on their diagnosis?
Which healthcare payment method involves providers receiving a fixed amount for each patient based on their diagnosis?
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What type of healthcare payment method incentivizes providers to serve clients' health needs efficiently?
What type of healthcare payment method incentivizes providers to serve clients' health needs efficiently?
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Which component of the Recovery Model emphasizes the individual's ability to direct their own lives?
Which component of the Recovery Model emphasizes the individual's ability to direct their own lives?
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Who proposed the need for an expansion of the medical model in 1977?
Who proposed the need for an expansion of the medical model in 1977?
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In which healthcare setting are Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) commonly used?
In which healthcare setting are Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) commonly used?
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Which healthcare facility uses Resource Utilization Groups (RUG-III) for billing?
Which healthcare facility uses Resource Utilization Groups (RUG-III) for billing?
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What does Mosey's Frame of Reference Structure include?
What does Mosey's Frame of Reference Structure include?
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Which aspect of a person's performance involves their underlying capacities that support engagement in occupations and activities?
Which aspect of a person's performance involves their underlying capacities that support engagement in occupations and activities?
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What do habits and routines refer to in the context of occupational therapy?
What do habits and routines refer to in the context of occupational therapy?
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What does occupational competence entail?
What does occupational competence entail?
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What is the key characteristic of occupational exploration?
What is the key characteristic of occupational exploration?
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What is the main emphasis in the Variables in MOHO?
What is the main emphasis in the Variables in MOHO?
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What do interests refer to in occupational therapy?
What do interests refer to in occupational therapy?
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How is occupational achievement defined?
How is occupational achievement defined?
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"Occupations" in occupational therapy encompass:
"Occupations" in occupational therapy encompass:
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What was the primary focus of the original paradigm of occupational therapy from 1900-1940?
What was the primary focus of the original paradigm of occupational therapy from 1900-1940?
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What was the purpose of Anne Mosey's frames of reference in occupational therapy?
What was the purpose of Anne Mosey's frames of reference in occupational therapy?
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Which of the following was NOT one of the three frames of reference for mental health OT practice identified by Anne Mosey?
Which of the following was NOT one of the three frames of reference for mental health OT practice identified by Anne Mosey?
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What was the primary contribution of Herbert J. Hall to the field of occupational therapy?
What was the primary contribution of Herbert J. Hall to the field of occupational therapy?
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Who developed the Habit Training approach in occupational therapy?
Who developed the Habit Training approach in occupational therapy?
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What was the focus of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) developed by Gary Kielhofner?
What was the focus of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) developed by Gary Kielhofner?
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Which theorist's work influenced occupational therapy by providing a framework for understanding psychosocial development across different life stages?
Which theorist's work influenced occupational therapy by providing a framework for understanding psychosocial development across different life stages?
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What was the primary contribution of Albert Bandura to occupational therapy?
What was the primary contribution of Albert Bandura to occupational therapy?
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Which statement best describes the distinction between the basic science of occupation and the applied science of occupational therapy, according to Anne Mosey?
Which statement best describes the distinction between the basic science of occupation and the applied science of occupational therapy, according to Anne Mosey?
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What were the two major paradigm shifts identified by Gary Kielhofner and Burke in the history of occupational therapy?
What were the two major paradigm shifts identified by Gary Kielhofner and Burke in the history of occupational therapy?
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Which of the following is an internal factor that can affect an individual's performance according to the text?
Which of the following is an internal factor that can affect an individual's performance according to the text?
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According to the passage, what can influence an individual's internal traits and capacities?
According to the passage, what can influence an individual's internal traits and capacities?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of an internal trait or capacity in the text?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of an internal trait or capacity in the text?
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According to the passage, what can affect an individual's performance range?
According to the passage, what can affect an individual's performance range?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of an internal factor in the text?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of an internal factor in the text?
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According to the passage, what can affect an individual's performance capacities?
According to the passage, what can affect an individual's performance capacities?
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What is the primary focus of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)?
What is the primary focus of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)?
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Which component of MOHO pertains to a person's habits and routines?
Which component of MOHO pertains to a person's habits and routines?
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What is the primary purpose of occupation-based models in occupational therapy?
What is the primary purpose of occupation-based models in occupational therapy?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of MOHO?
Which of the following is NOT a component of MOHO?
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Which ethical principle in occupational therapy emphasizes the moral obligation to act for clients' interests and well-being?
Which ethical principle in occupational therapy emphasizes the moral obligation to act for clients' interests and well-being?
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Which occupational therapy value emphasizes an unselfish concern for the welfare of others?
Which occupational therapy value emphasizes an unselfish concern for the welfare of others?
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What is the primary purpose of frames of reference in occupational therapy?
What is the primary purpose of frames of reference in occupational therapy?
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Which ethical principle in occupational therapy emphasizes truthfulness and honesty in interactions?
Which ethical principle in occupational therapy emphasizes truthfulness and honesty in interactions?
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Which occupational therapy value emphasizes the need to respect clients' choices?
Which occupational therapy value emphasizes the need to respect clients' choices?
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What is the primary purpose of paradigms in occupational therapy?
What is the primary purpose of paradigms in occupational therapy?
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What is the primary motivation for change in the Occupational Adaptation model?
What is the primary motivation for change in the Occupational Adaptation model?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the interdependent features of the Occupational Adaptation model?
Which of the following is NOT one of the interdependent features of the Occupational Adaptation model?
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In the Generation subprocess of the Adaptive Response, what is the role of 'Adaptive Energy'?
In the Generation subprocess of the Adaptive Response, what is the role of 'Adaptive Energy'?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the Adaptive Response Modes described in the Generation subprocess?
Which of the following is NOT one of the Adaptive Response Modes described in the Generation subprocess?
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What is the primary focus of the Evaluation subprocess in the Adaptive Response?
What is the primary focus of the Evaluation subprocess in the Adaptive Response?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the components of the Ecology of Human Performance (EHP) model?
Which of the following is NOT one of the components of the Ecology of Human Performance (EHP) model?
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What is the primary focus of the 'Temporal Aspects' in the EHP model's Context component?
What is the primary focus of the 'Temporal Aspects' in the EHP model's Context component?
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Which of the following is NOT included in the 'Environmental Aspects' of the EHP model's Context component?
Which of the following is NOT included in the 'Environmental Aspects' of the EHP model's Context component?
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What is the primary focus of the 'Performance' component in the EHP model?
What is the primary focus of the 'Performance' component in the EHP model?
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In the Occupational Adaptation model, what is the primary purpose of the 'Integration' subprocess?
In the Occupational Adaptation model, what is the primary purpose of the 'Integration' subprocess?
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Study Notes
Recovery and Prevention
- Recovery is a personal journey, acceptance is essential for individuals with mental illness
- Medical recovery: returning to a former state of being before an injury or illness
- Mental health recovery: living a satisfied and contributing life despite limitations due to illness
- 12 types of prevention:
- Primary prevention: directed towards healthy individuals to prevent disease or disorder
- Secondary prevention: offered to people with early signs of disease or disorder
- Tertiary prevention: provided to individuals with active symptoms of disease or disorder
Social Cognitive Theory
- Key concepts: observational learning, self-efficacy, behavioral reinforcement
- Helps OTs understand how individuals learn new skills, develop self-efficacy, and modify behavior
- Therapists can help clients develop confidence, motivation, and skills needed to participate in meaningful activities
Agency
- Types of agency:
- Human agency: individual's confidence to complete tasks (varies for each person)
- Proxy agency: one person advocates for or acts on behalf of another
- Collective agency: people work together to influence the destiny of the entire group
Emotional Reasoning
- Perceiving emotions: recognizing and interpreting emotions
- Understanding emotions: understanding how basic emotions form complex emotions and how they are affected by surroundings
- Regulating emotions: managing emotions and responses in oneself and with others
AOTA Emerging Areas of Practice
- Areas of practice include:
- Children and Youth
- Mental Health
- Rehabilitation, Disability, and Participation
- Health and Wellness
- Work and Industry
Roots of OT
- Founded on a holistic view of human life, including biological, psychological, and social aspects
- Famous people in OT:
- Dunton
- Slagle
- Erickson
- Hall
- Meyer
- Bandura
- Mosey
- Kielhofner
- Dunn
Habit Training Approach
- Developed by Slagle and Meyer
- Focuses on creating a full schedule of daily activities to promote mental and physical health
- Holistic approach
Sensorimotor Model
- Focuses on the interplay between sensory input, motor responses, and cognitive processes
- Developed by Margaret Rood
- Published in 1954
Biopsychosocial Model
- Considers the interaction of physical health, mental health, and social factors to influence individual functioning
- Holistic approach
- Addresses whole person, including physical, psychological, and social factors
Reimbursement Methods
- Fee-for-Service: simple, but may lead to inflated healthcare costs
- Prospective payment systems (PPS): limit the length, frequency, and type of healthcare
- Flat-Fee Payment Systems: healthcare providers are salaried
Salaries
- Flat-fee payment systems: salary often lower than in private sector
- Waitlists in hospitals
- OT job market grew dramatically in the early 1990s due to high salaries### Founders of Occupational Therapy
- Dr. Dunton developed her own OT technique of HABIT TRAINING
- Herbert J. Hall, one of the founders of OT, described artistic crafts as a “work cure” for patients with chronic medical and psychiatric disorders
- Adolph Meyer, a psychiatrist, worked with Slagle to develop the Habit training approach and practiced medicine using Humanistic philosophy & Moral Treatment
Influential Theorists
- Albert Bandura, a Behaviorist, influenced OT by promoting independence, skill development, empowerment, and behavioral change in clients through tailored interventions and support
- Anne Mosey identified three frames of reference for mental health OT practice: Acquisitional, Psychoanalytic, and Developmental
- Gary Kielhofner, an author, identified two major paradigm shifts in OT: from the original paradigm of occupation to the mechanistic paradigm and again to the new emerging paradigm involving a return to occupation as the primary focus for the profession
Frames of Reference
- Mosey’s activity therapy model (1973)
- Biopsychosocial model (1974)
- Temporal adaptation (Gary Kielhofner)
- MOHO (Model of Human Occupation) by Gary Kielhofner
- Dunn's Occupation-Based Model
- Ecology of Human Performance by Winnie and Dunn
Paradigm Shifts
- 1900-1940s: Paradigm of Occupation
- 1950-1970s: Mechanistic Paradigm
- 1980s: New Emerging Paradigm involving a return to occupation as the primary focus for the profession
OT Code of Ethics
- Beneficence: moral obligation to act for clients’ interests and well-being
- Nonmaleficence: avoid doing harm to clients
- Autonomy: support client’s decisions and privacy
- Social Justice: advocate for fair treatment for all clients
- Procedural Justice: ensure fairness in processes and decision-making
- Veracity: truthful and honest in interactions
- Fidelity: loyalty, trustfulness, and commitment to acting in the best interests of clients
OT Values
- Altruism: unselfish concern for the welfare of others
- Equality: everyone is equal
- Freedom: respect client’s choices
- Justice: refers to legal rights and obligations, what is morally right and fair
- Dignity: empathy and respect
- Truth: faithful to the facts, stay up to date, continually update knowledge
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Description
Explore the pioneers in the field of Occupational Therapy, such as Dunton, Slagle, Erickson, and more, who laid the foundation for the holistic approach encompassing biological, psychological, and social aspects of human life.
