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Questions and Answers
Who was one of the founders of Occupational Therapy (OT)?
Which individual conducted a study at Hull House in the field of Occupational Therapy?
Who provided OT with its initial connection to medicine?
In which year did Eleanor Clarke Slagle pass away?
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Who outlined the use of crafts and occupations in restoring productive functioning to wounded soldiers?
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Which individual played an important role in the mental hygiene movement?
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Who was known for developing the philosophy of Occupational Therapy?
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During the 1930s, which two diseases were on the rise and considered incurable?
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Which approach offered a full schedule of ordinary daily activities to create mental and physical health for patients with mental illness?
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During the 1950s-1970s, which paradigm was aligned with the medical model in Occupational Therapy?
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Which theory emphasized the therapeutic use of self in Occupational Therapy?
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What major crisis occurred in the late 1940s-1950s in Occupational Therapy?
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'Authentic living' for persons with disabilities was associated with which individual's view of crafts?
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'Professional continuity' in Occupational Therapy refers to considerations of which timelines?
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'Holism and transnationalism' were trends noted in which fields?
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'Mosey’s 3 frames of reference' were significant in which era of Occupational Therapy?
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Who developed her own OT technique of Habit Training?
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Which individual is known as one of the founders of OT and described artistic crafts as a 'work cure'?
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Who practiced medicine using Humanistic philosophy & Moral Treatment?
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Which individual identified three frames of reference for mental health OT practice including Acquisitional and Developmental?
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Who, along with Burke, identified two major paradigm shifts in occupational therapy?
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Which theoretical model helps OTs understand how individuals' motivations, roles, habits, and routines influence their engagement in meaningful activities?
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'The Work of Our Hands' helped patients learn new skills and trades to re-enter which world?
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'Recapitulation of ontogenesis' is associated with which frame of reference?
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'Frames of reference' in occupational therapy serve the purpose of:
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Study Notes
The Roots of Occupational Therapy (OT)
- The roots of OT were seeded in a holistic view that included biological, psychological, and social aspects of human life.
Founders of OT
- William Rush Dunton (1868-1966)
- One of the founders of OT
- Provided OT with its initial connection to medicine
- Accepted and recognized the multidisciplinary nature of OT
- President of the AOTA (American Occupational Therapy Association)
- Established the profession's first journal
- Wrote several books, including "Occupational Therapy: A Manual for Nurses" (1911) and "Reconstruction Therapy" (1919)
- Eleanor Clarke Slagle (1871-1942)
- One of the founders of OT
- Played an important role in the mental hygiene movement
- Focused on using purposeful activities to improve mental health and well-being
- Worked at Hull House in Chicago, a settlement that provided social services to the community
- Adolph Meyer
- Contributed to the philosophy of OT
- Focused on long-term institutionalization for chronic health conditions
- Developed the Habit Training Approach with Eleanor Clarke Slagle
Early Development of OT
- 1930s: Biomechanical and Behavior Modification Frames of Reference emerged
- 1940s: Vocational Training, Activity Analysis, and Rehabilitation Models became prominent
- 1940s-1950s: Psychoanalytic Frames and Sensory Motor Frames emerged
- 1950s: WFOT (World Federation of Occupational Therapists) was established
- 1950s-1970s: Mechanistic Paradigm aligned with the medical model dominated OT practice
Crisis and Reform
- 1950s-1970s: OT faced a crisis due to the lack of scientific evidence for practice
- 1960s: Social Reform and the creation of Medicare and Medicaid made healthcare more accessible
- 1970s: OT in Schools and Education of children with disabilities became prominent
New Emerging Paradigm
- 1980s onward: OT began to focus on occupation as the primary focus
- Gary Kielhofner: Author and developer of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)
- Dunn: Developed the Occupation-Based Model, Ecology of Human Performance (1994)
Other Key Figures
- Albert Bandura: Behaviorist who influenced OT with concepts of self-efficacy, social learning theory, and behavioral change
- Anne Mosey: Identified three frames of reference for mental health OT practice: Acquisitional, Psychoanalytic, and Developmental
- Herbert J. Hall: One of the founders of OT, described artistic crafts as a "work cure" for patients with chronic medical and psychiatric disorders
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Description
This quiz explores the early roots of Occupational Therapy (OT) and its founders, including notable figures such as Dunton, Slagle, and Bandura. Learn about the holistic view that shaped the field and the key people who contributed to its development.
