Occupational Therapy and Mental Health History Quiz

Founders and Theories

• Erickson, Freud, and Jung are notable figures in the field of psychology and psychotherapy.
• Jan Dunn is the founder of the self-regulatory system model.
• Bandura introduced the concept of a conditional relationship between cognition and behavior involved in human actions.

Founders of Occupational Therapy

• The founders of the reconstruction movement after WW1, which aimed to reintegrate veterans and civilians into society, included Barton, a disabled architect who understood the therapeutic values of engaging in meaningful occupation, and Susan Cox Johnson, a therapist in the consolidation house.

Biomechanical Approaches

• The founders of biomechanical approaches, which focus on physical dysfunction and limitation in OT performance, include Dunton, a psychiatrist and physician who played a role in developing the OT profession, and emphasized physical activity to restore function.

Therapeutic Use of Self

• The founder of the therapeutic use of self in 1950 was Meyer, who used therapist personality, insights, and interpersonal skills to bring about changes in clients.

Perceptual Motor Development

• Jean Ayres founded the concept of perceptual motor development, also known as sensory integration, which is based on sensory motor theory and serves as a framework in OT.

Sensorimotor Model

• Margaret Rood, a PT and OT, developed the sensorimotor model of 1954, which involved techniques to work on voluntary and reflex movement for paralysis in various forms.

Habit Training Approach

• Slagle and Meyer developed the habit training approach, which focuses on ordinary daily activities, work tasks, and recreational activities in institutions to promote physical and mental health through a holistic approach.

Historical Context

• During the 1930s, diseases such as polio, TB, mental retardation, and developmental disabilities were on the rise, leading to the institutionalization of affected individuals.
• OTs played a crucial role in the medical care of these individuals during this time, working in convalescent hospitals, sanatoriums, and retreats.

Notable Figures

• Famous figures in the history of OT include Dunton, Slagle, Erickson, Hall, Meyer, Bandura, Mosey, Kielhofner, and Dunn.

OT as a Profession

• Slagle, Barton, Meyer, Dunton, Susan Cox Johnson, and Kidner developed OT as a profession, with a focus on purposeful activities and occupation in the consolidation house.

Arts and Crafts Movement

• Barton and Slagle founded the arts and crafts movement, which emphasizes self-expression and creativity.

Humanistic and Moral Treatment Movement

• Adolf Meyer, a psychiatrist, founded the humanistic and moral treatment movement, which emphasizes moral and humanistic values.

Mental Hygiene Movement

• Dunton founded the mental hygiene movement, which involves tasks and activities given within institutions to promote purpose, self-care, work, and leisure.

Hall House in Chicago

• Meyer and Slagle were associated with the Hall House in Chicago, where individuals with mental illness were treated.

Functional Rehabilitation Movement

• Thomas Kidner founded the functional rehabilitation movement, which involves modifying physical buildings to make them functional for individuals.
• Dunton also contributed to this movement, providing a structure for arts and crafts to be therapeutic, and developing a model of creative workshops and rehabilitation centers.

Pragmatism

• Charles Sanders Peirce founded pragmatism, which takes a holistic approach and links theory and practice together.

Frame of Reference for Mental Health

• Mosey founded the activity therapy model, which is one of the three frames of reference for mental health in OT.

Temporal Adaptation

• Kielhofner founded the temporal adaptation model, which focuses on adapting to changes over time.

Psychoanalytic

• Sigmund Freud founded the psychoanalytic theory, which is a fundamental concept in psychology and psychotherapy.