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Questions and Answers
Who is considered the founder of the ecology of human performance?
Which theorist proposed the self-regulatory system model?
Which individuals were pioneers of the reconstruction movement after World War I?
Who were the founders of biomechanical approaches in occupational therapy?
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Who introduced the concept of 'therapeutic use of self' in the 1950s?
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What is the sensorimotor model of 1954 associated with?
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Who is credited with developing occupational therapy as a profession?
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The Arts and Crafts Movement, focused on self-expression, was founded by:
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The Humanistic and Moral Treatment Movement, emphasizing moralistic and humanistic approaches, was founded by:
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The Mental Hygiene Movement involved:
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The functional rehabilitation movement, focusing on modifying physical environments for individuals, was associated with:
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The founder of pragmatism, which links theory and practice together in a holistic approach, was:
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Study Notes
Founders and Theories
- Erickson, Freud, and Jung are notable figures in the field of psychology and psychotherapy.
- Jan Dunn is the founder of the self-regulatory system model.
- Bandura introduced the concept of a conditional relationship between cognition and behavior involved in human actions.
Founders of Occupational Therapy
- The founders of the reconstruction movement after WW1, which aimed to reintegrate veterans and civilians into society, included Barton, a disabled architect who understood the therapeutic values of engaging in meaningful occupation, and Susan Cox Johnson, a therapist in the consolidation house.
Biomechanical Approaches
- The founders of biomechanical approaches, which focus on physical dysfunction and limitation in OT performance, include Dunton, a psychiatrist and physician who played a role in developing the OT profession, and emphasized physical activity to restore function.
Therapeutic Use of Self
- The founder of the therapeutic use of self in 1950 was Meyer, who used therapist personality, insights, and interpersonal skills to bring about changes in clients.
Perceptual Motor Development
- Jean Ayres founded the concept of perceptual motor development, also known as sensory integration, which is based on sensory motor theory and serves as a framework in OT.
Sensorimotor Model
- Margaret Rood, a PT and OT, developed the sensorimotor model of 1954, which involved techniques to work on voluntary and reflex movement for paralysis in various forms.
Habit Training Approach
- Slagle and Meyer developed the habit training approach, which focuses on ordinary daily activities, work tasks, and recreational activities in institutions to promote physical and mental health through a holistic approach.
Historical Context
- During the 1930s, diseases such as polio, TB, mental retardation, and developmental disabilities were on the rise, leading to the institutionalization of affected individuals.
- OTs played a crucial role in the medical care of these individuals during this time, working in convalescent hospitals, sanatoriums, and retreats.
Notable Figures
- Famous figures in the history of OT include Dunton, Slagle, Erickson, Hall, Meyer, Bandura, Mosey, Kielhofner, and Dunn.
OT as a Profession
- Slagle, Barton, Meyer, Dunton, Susan Cox Johnson, and Kidner developed OT as a profession, with a focus on purposeful activities and occupation in the consolidation house.
Arts and Crafts Movement
- Barton and Slagle founded the arts and crafts movement, which emphasizes self-expression and creativity.
Humanistic and Moral Treatment Movement
- Adolf Meyer, a psychiatrist, founded the humanistic and moral treatment movement, which emphasizes moral and humanistic values.
Mental Hygiene Movement
- Dunton founded the mental hygiene movement, which involves tasks and activities given within institutions to promote purpose, self-care, work, and leisure.
Hall House in Chicago
- Meyer and Slagle were associated with the Hall House in Chicago, where individuals with mental illness were treated.
Functional Rehabilitation Movement
- Thomas Kidner founded the functional rehabilitation movement, which involves modifying physical buildings to make them functional for individuals.
- Dunton also contributed to this movement, providing a structure for arts and crafts to be therapeutic, and developing a model of creative workshops and rehabilitation centers.
Pragmatism
- Charles Sanders Peirce founded pragmatism, which takes a holistic approach and links theory and practice together.
Frame of Reference for Mental Health
- Mosey founded the activity therapy model, which is one of the three frames of reference for mental health in OT.
Temporal Adaptation
- Kielhofner founded the temporal adaptation model, which focuses on adapting to changes over time.
Psychoanalytic
- Sigmund Freud founded the psychoanalytic theory, which is a fundamental concept in psychology and psychotherapy.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the foundations of Occupational Therapy (OT) profession, the Arts and Crafts Movement, and the Humanistic and Moral Treatment Movement in mental health history.
