11 Questions
What is the purpose of planning?
To achieve organizational goals
What are the types of goals organizations might have?مراجعه عليه
Long-term and short-term goals
What do studies show about the relationship between planning and performance?
Planning is positively related to performance
How do traditional goal setting and MBO work?
They involve setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound goals
What are the criticisms of planning?
It restricts creativity and innovation
How can managers effectively plan in today’s dynamic environment?
By embracing flexibility and adaptability in planning
What is the primary managerial activity that involves defining the organization’s goals, establishing an overall strategy, and developing plans for work activities?
Planning
Which type of planning involves specific goals covering a specific time period and is written and shared with organizational members?
Formal planning
What does planning provide in terms of organizational management?
Direction
What are the desired outcomes for individuals, groups, or entire organizations known as?
Goals
What type of goals are related to the expected internal financial performance of the organization?
Financial goals
Study Notes
Purpose of Planning
- Planning serves as the primary managerial activity that defines an organization's goals, establishes an overall strategy, and develops plans for work activities.
Types of Goals
- Organizations may have different types of goals, including:
- Strategic goals: related to the organization's mission and overall performance
- Tactical goals: focused on specific business units or departments
- Operational goals: related to the expected internal financial performance of the organization
Planning and Performance
- Studies show a positive relationship between planning and organizational performance.
- Planning is essential for achieving desired outcomes and improving overall performance.
Traditional Goal Setting and MBO
- Traditional goal setting involves setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals.
- Management by Objectives (MBO) is a type of goal setting that involves:
- Setting specific and measurable objectives
- Establishing key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure progress
- Regularly reviewing and adjusting goals and objectives
Criticisms of Planning
- Planning can be time-consuming and resource-intensive.
- Planning may not account for unexpected changes or uncertainty in the environment.
Effective Planning in Dynamic Environments
- Managers must be adaptable and flexible in their planning approach to respond to changing circumstances.
- Effective planning involves ongoing monitoring and adjustment of plans to ensure relevance and effectiveness.
Planning Outcomes
- Planning provides a clear direction and focus for the organization.
- Planning helps to allocate resources effectively and efficiently.
- Planning enables organizations to respond to changes and opportunities in the environment.
Desired Outcomes
- Desired outcomes for individuals, groups, or entire organizations are known as goals.
Types of Planning
- Formal planning involves specific goals covering a specific time period and is written and shared with organizational members.
Test your knowledge of Chapter 7 'Foundations of Planning' from 'Management' tenth edition by Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter. This quiz covers topics such as defining planning, purposes of planning, relationship between planning and performance, goals, and types of plans.
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